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BERARD, JOSEPH FREDERIC (1789-1828)

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 764 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BERARD, See also:JOSEPH See also:FREDERIC (1789-1828) , See also:French physician and philosopher, was See also:born at See also:Montpellier. Educated at the medical school of that See also:town, he afterwards went to See also:Paris, where he was employed in connexion with the Dictionnaire See also:des sciences medicales. He returned in 1816, and published a See also:work, See also:Doctrine medicale de l'ecole de Montpellier (1819), which is indispensable to a proper understanding of the principles of the Vitalistic school. In 1823 he was called to a See also:chair of See also:medicine at Paris, which he held for three years; he was then nominated See also:professor of See also:hygiene at Montpellier. His See also:health gave way under his labours, and he died in 1828. His most important See also:book is his Doctrines des rapports du physique et du moral (Paris, 1823). He held that consciousness or See also:internal See also:perception reveals to us the existence of an immaterial, thinking, feeling and willing subject, the self or soul. Alongside of this there is the vital force, the nutritive See also:Tower, which uses the See also:physical See also:frame as its See also:organ. The soul and the principle of See also:life are in See also:constant reciprocal See also:action, and the first owes to the second, not the formation of its faculties, but the conditions under which they are evolved. He showed himself unable to understand the points of view of those whom he criticized, and yet his own theories, midway between vitalism and See also:animism, are entirely destitute of originality. To the Esprit des doctrines medicates de Montpellier, published posthumously (Paris, 1830), the editor, H. Petiot, prefixed an See also:account cf his life and See also:works; see also See also:Damiron, Phil. en See also:France an XIX° siecle (Paris, 1834) ; C.

J. See also:

Tissot, Anthrapologie genirale (1843).

End of Article: BERARD, JOSEPH FREDERIC (1789-1828)

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