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See also:CABINET NOIR , the name given in See also:France to the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office where the letters of suspected persons were opened and read by public officials before being forwarded to their destination. This practice had been in See also:vogue since the See also:establishment of posts, and was frequently used by the ministers of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XIII. and Louis XIV.; but it was not until the reign of Louis XV. that a See also:separate office for this purpose was created. This was called the cabinet du See also:secret See also:des posies, or more popularly the cabinet noir. Although declaimed against at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time. of the Revolution, it was used both by the revolutionary leaders and by See also:Napoleon. The cabinet noir has now disappeared, but the right to open letters in cases of emergency appears still to be retained by the See also:French See also:government; and a similar right is occasionally exercised in See also:England under the direction of a secretary of See also:state, and, indeed, in all civilized countries. In England this See also:power was frequently employed during the 18th See also:century and was confirmed by the See also:Post Office See also:Act of 1837; its most notorious use being, perhaps, the opening of Mazzini's letters in 1844.
End of Article: CABINET NOIR
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