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TORUS

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 79 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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TORUS , a Latin word, meaning a See also:

round swelling or protuberance, applied to a See also:convex moulding in See also:architecture, which in See also:section is generally a semicircle. The earliest examples are found in See also:Egypt, where it was carried up the angles of the pylon and See also:temple walls and horizontally across the same. Its most frequent employment is in the bases of columns; in the See also:Roman Doric See also:order being the lowest moulding; in the Ionic orders there are generally two torus See also:mouldings separated by a See also:scotia with fillets. Both in See also:Greek and Roman bases sometimes the torus is elaborately carved.

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