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DUOVIRI

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 686 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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DUOVIRI , less correctly DUUMvIRI (from See also:

Lat. duo two, and vir, See also:man), in See also:ancient See also:Rome, the See also:official See also:style of two See also:joint magistrates. Such pairs of magistrates were appointed at various periods of See also:Roman See also:history both in Rome itself and in the colonies and municipia. (1) Duumviri iuri (iure) dicundo, municipal magistrates, whose See also:chief duties were concerned with the ad-ministration of See also:justice. Sometimes there were four of these magistrates (Quattuorviri). (2) Duumviri quinquennales, also municipal See also:officers, not to be confused with the above, who were elected every fifth See also:year for one year to exercise the See also:function of the censorship which was in See also:abeyance for the intervening four years. (3) Duumviri sacrorum, officers who originally had See also:charge of the Sibylline books; they were afterwards increased to ten (See also:decemviri sacris faciundis), and in See also:Sulla's See also:time to fifteen (quindecimviri). (4) Duumviri aedi locandae, originally officers specially appointed to supervise the erection of a See also:temple. There were also duumviri aedi dedicandae. (5) Duumviri navales, extraordinary officers appointed ad hoc for the equipping of a See also:fleet. Originally chosen by consuls or See also:dictator, they were elected by the See also:people after 311 B.C. (See also:Livy ix. 30; xl.

18; xli. I). (6) Duumviri perduellionis, the earliest criminal See also:

court for trying offences against the See also:state (see See also:TREASON: Roman See also:Law). (7) Duumviri viis extra urbem purgandis, subordinate officers under the aediles, whose See also:duty it was to look after those streets of Rome which were outside the See also:city walls. Apparently in 20 B.c., certainly by 12 B.C., their duties were transferred to the Curatores viarum. From at least as See also:early as 45 B.C. (cf. the Lex Julia Municipalis) the streets of the city were superintended by Quattuorviri viis in urbe purgandis, dater called Quattuorviri viarum purgandarum. See Fiebiger and Liebenam in Pauly-Wissowa, Realencyc. v. pt. 2.

End of Article: DUOVIRI

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DUPANLOUP, FELIX ANTOINE PHILIBERT (1802–1878)

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