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FREMY, EDMOND (1814–1894)

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 98 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FREMY, EDMOND (1814–1894) , See also:French chemist, was See also:born at See also:Versailles on the 29th of See also:February 1814. Entering See also:Gay-Lussac's laboratory in 1831, he became preparateur at the Ecole Polytechnique in 1834 and at the See also:College de See also:France in 1837. His next See also:post was that of repetileur at the Ecole Polytechnique, where in 1846 he was appointed See also:professor, and in 185o he succeeded Gay-Lussac in the See also:chair of See also:chemistry at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, of which he was director, in See also:succession to M. E. See also:Chevreul, from 1879 to 1891. He died at See also:Paris on the 3rd of February 1894. His See also:work included investigations of osmic See also:acid, of the ferrates, stannates, plumbates, &c., and of See also:ozone, attempts to obtain See also:free See also:fluorine by the See also:electrolysis of fused fluorides, and the See also:discovery of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid and of a See also:series of acides sulphazotes, the precise nature of which See also:long remained a See also:matter of discussion. He also studied the colouring matters of leaves and See also:flowers, the See also:composition of See also:bone, cerebral matter and other See also:animal substances, and the processes of See also:fermentation, in regard to the nature of which he was an opponent of See also:Pasteur's views. Keenly alive to the importance of the technical applications of chemistry, he devoted See also:special See also:attention as a teacher to the training of See also:industrial chemists. In this See also:field he contributed to our knowledge of the manufacture of See also:iron and See also:steel, sulphuric acid, See also:glass and See also:paper, and in particular worked at the saponification of fats with sulphuric acid and the utilization of palmitic acid for See also:candle-making. In the later years of his See also:life he applied himself to the problem of obtaining alumina in the crystalline See also:form, and succeeded in making rubies identical with the natural See also:gem not merely in chemical composition but also in See also:physical properties.

End of Article: FREMY, EDMOND (1814–1894)

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