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VERSAILLES , a See also:town of See also:northern See also:France, See also:capital of the See also:department of See also:Seine-et-See also:Oise, 12 M. by road W.S.W. of See also:Paris, with which it is connected by See also:rail and tram. Pop. (1906) town, 45,246; See also:commune, J4,820. Versailles owes its existence to the See also:palace built by See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XIV. It stands 46o ft. above the See also:sea, and its fresh healthy See also:air and nearness to the capital attract many residents. The three avenues of St See also:Cloud, Paris and Sceaux converge in the See also:Place d'Armes. Between them stand the former stables of the palace, now occupied by the See also:artillery and See also:engineers. To the See also:south lies the See also:quarter of Satory, the See also:oldest See also:part of Versailles, with the See also:cathedral of St Louis, and to the See also:north the new quarter, with the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church of Notre See also:Dame. To the See also:west a gilded
1 See See also:Gay, See also:Cart. fined. i. p. 367.
See also:iron See also:gate and a See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone See also:balustrade shut off the See also:great See also:court of the palace from the Place d'Armes. In this court, which slopes upwards from the gate, stand statues of See also:Richelieu, See also:Conde, Du Guesclin and other famous Frenchmen. At the highest point there is an equestrian statue in See also:bronze of Louis XIV., and to the right and See also:left of this stretch the See also:long wings of the palace, while behind it extend the Cour Royale and the smaller Cour de Marbre, to the north, south and west of which rise the central buildings. The buildings clustered See also:round the Cour de Marbre, which include the apartments of Louis XIV., project into the gardens on the west considerably beyond the See also:rest of the See also:facade. To the north the See also:Chapel Court and to the south the Princes Court, with vaulted passages leading to the gardens, See also:separate the See also:side from the central buildings. On the other is the inscription, " A toutes See also:les gloires de la France," which Louis Philippe justified by forming a collection of See also:works of See also:art (valued at £t,000,000), commemorating the great events and persons of See also:French See also:history. The palace chapel (1696-171o), the roof of which can be seen from afar rising above the rest of the See also:building, was the last See also:work of J. See also:Hardouin-Mansart.
The ground-See also:floor of the north wing on the See also:garden side contains eleven halls of See also:historical pictures from See also:Clovis to Louis XVI., and on the side of the interior courts a See also:gallery containing casts of royal funereal monuments. The Halls of the See also:Crusades open off this gallery, and are decorated with the arms of crusaders and with See also:modern pictures dealing with that See also:period. On the first floor of the north wing on the garden side are ten halls of pictures commemorating historical events from 1795 to 1830; on the court side is the Gallery of See also:Sculpture, which contains the See also:Joan of Arc of the princess See also:Marie of See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans; and there are seven halls chiefly devoted to French See also:campaigns and generals in See also:Africa, See also:Italy, the See also:Crimea and See also:Mexico, with some famous See also:war pictures by See also:Horace See also:Vernet. The second See also:storey has a portrait gallery. In the north wing is also the See also:theatre built under Louis XV. by Jacques-Ange See also:Gabriel, which was first used on the 16th of May 1770 on the See also:marriage of the dauphin (afterwards Louis XVI.) and Marie Antoinette. Here, on the 2nd of See also:October 1789, the celebrated banquet was given to the Gardes du See also:Corps, the toasts at which provoked the riots that drove the royal See also:family from Versailles; and here the See also:National See also:Assembly met from the loth of See also:March 1871 till the See also:proclamation of the constitution in 1875, and the See also:Senate from the 8th of March 1876 till the return of the two See also:chambers to Paris in 1879. On the ground-floor of the central buildings are the halls of celebrated warriors (once the anteroom of Madame de See also:Pompadour), marshals, constables and admirals, and the See also:suite of rooms known as the Dauphin's Apartments, now given up to historical portraits. The Galerie Basse, once known as the Gallery of Louis XIII., leads to the rooms surrounding the See also:Marble Court, a See also:series of which contains many plans of battles. The lobbies of the ground-floor are full of busts, statues and tombs of See also:kings and celebrated men. The famous staterooms are on the first floor. On the garden side, facing the north, are a series of seven halls, some of them decorated with tapestries representing the See also:life of Louis XIV. Among them may be mentioned the See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall of See also:Hercules, till 1710 the upper See also:half of the old chapel, where the See also:dukes of See also:Chartres, See also:Maine and See also:Burgundy were married, and See also:Bossuet, See also:Massillon and See also:Bourdaloue preached; the Hall of See also:Mercury, where the See also:coffin of Louis XIV. stood for eight days after his See also:death; and the Hall of See also:Apollo, or See also:throne See also:room. To the front of the palace, facing the west, are the Galleries of War and See also:Peace, with allegorical pictures, and the See also:Glass Gallery, built by Mansart in 1678 (235 ft. long, 35 wide and 42 high), having 34 See also:arches, 17 of which are filled with windows looking on the gardens and 17 with large mirrors. The gallery is overloaded with See also:ornament, and the pictures by See also:Charles See also:Lebrun, the trophies and figures of See also:children by See also:Antoine See also:Coysevox, and the See also:inscriptions attributed to Boileau and See also:Racine, all glorify Louis XIV. This gallery was used by him as a throne room on See also:state occasions. Here the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Prussia was proclaimed See also:emperor of See also:Germany on the 18th of See also:January 1871. Connected with the Gallery of Peace are the queens apartments, occupied successively by Marie Therese, Marie Leczinska and Marie Antoinette, where the duchess of Angoulenie was See also:born, the duchess of Burgundy died, and Marie Antoinette was almost assassinated on the 6th of October 1789. Behind the Glass Gallery on the side of the court are the rooms of Louis XIV. The Eil de Bceuf, named from its See also:oval window, was the anteroom where the courtiers waited till the king See also:rose. In it is a picture representing Louis XIV. and his family as Olympian deities; and it leads to the bedroom in which Louis XIV. died, after using it from 1701, and which Louis XV. occupied from 1722 to 1738. In the south wing of the palace, on the ground-floor, is the Gallery of the See also:Republic and the First See also:Empire, the rooms of which contain paintings of scenes in the life of See also:Napoleon I. A sculpture gallery contains busts of celebrated scholars, artists, generals and public men from the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of Louis XVI. onwards. In the south wing is also the room where the Chamber
See also:Clay See also:sketch for the See also:monument of See also:Cardinal Forteguerra, showing the kneeling portrait of the cardinal, which is not in the actual monument; a very poor modern figure occupies its place.
End of Article: VERSAILLES
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