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OISE

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 54 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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OISE , a See also:

department of See also:northern See also:France, three-fourths of which belonged to Ile-de-France and the See also:rest to See also:Picardy, bounded N. by See also:Somme, E. by See also:Aisne, S. by See also:Seine-et-See also:Marne and Seine-et- Oise, and W. by See also:Eure and Seine-Inferieure. Pop. (1906) 410,049; See also:area 2272 sq. m. The department is a moderately elevated See also:plateau with pleasant valleys and See also:fine forests, such as those of See also:Compiegne, Ermenonville, See also:Chantilly and Halatte, all in the See also:south-See also:east. It belongs almost entirely to the See also:basin of the Seine—the Somme and the Bresle, which flow into the See also:English Channel, draining but a small area. The most important See also:river is the Oise, which flows through a broad and fertile valley from See also:north-east to south-See also:west, past the towns of See also:Noyon, Compiegne, See also:Pont St Maxence and See also:Creil. On its right it receives the Breche and the Therain, and on its See also:left the Aisne, which brings down a larger See also:volume of See also:water than the Oise itself, the Authonne, and the Nonette, which irrigates the valley of Senlis and Chantilly. The Ourcq, a tributary of the Marne, in the south-east, and the Epte, a tributary of the Seine, in the west, also in See also:part belong to the department. These streams are separated by ranges of slight See also:elevation or by isolated hills, the highest point (770 ft.) being in the See also:ridge of See also:Bray, which stretches from See also:Dieppe to Precy-sur-Oise. The lowest point is at the mouth of the Oise, only 66 ft. above See also:sea-level. The See also:climate is very variable, but the range of temperature is moderate. See also:Clay for bricks and earthenware, See also:sand and See also:building-See also:stone are among the See also:mineral products of Oise, and See also:peat is also worked.

See also:

Pierrefonds, Gouvieux, Chantilly and See also:Fontaine Bonneleau have mineral springs. See also:Wheat, oats and other cereals, potatoes and See also:sugar See also:beet are the See also:chief agricultural crops. See also:Cattle are reared more especially in the western districts, where dairying is actively carried on. See also:Bee-keeping is See also:general. Racing stables are numerous in the neighbourhood of Chantilly and Compiegne. Among the See also:industries of the department. of manufacture of sugar and See also:alcohol from beetroot occupies a foremost See also:place. The manufacture of See also:furniture, brushes (See also:Beauvais) and other wooden goods and of toys, See also:fancy-See also:ware, buttons, fans and other articles in See also:wood, See also:ivory, See also:bone or See also:mother-of-See also:pearl are widespread industries. There are also woollen and See also:cotton See also:mills, and the making of woollen fabrics, blankets, carpets (Beauvais), See also:hosiery and See also:lace (Chantilly and its vicinity) is actively carried on. Creil and the neighbouring Montataire See also:form an important metallurgical centre. Oise is served by the Northern railway, on which Creil is an important junction, and its See also:commerce is facilitated by the Oise and its lateral See also:canal and the Aisne, which afford about 70 M. of navigable waterway. There are four arrondissements—Beauvais, Clermont, Compiegne and Senlis—with 35 cantons and 701 communes. The department forms the See also:diocese of Beauvais (See also:province of See also:Reims) and part of the region of the II. See also:army See also:corps and of the academie (education4l See also:division) of See also:Paris.

Its See also:

court of See also:appeal is at See also:Amiens. The See also:principal places are Beauvais, the See also:capital, Chantilly, Clermont-en-Beauvoisis, Compiegne, Noyon, Pierrefonds, Creil and Senlis, which are treated separately. Among the more populous places not mentioned is Meru (5317), a centre for fancy-ware manufacture. The department abounds in old churches, among which, besides those of Beauvais, Noyon and Senlis, may be mentioned those at Morienval (If th and 12th centuries), Maignelay (I 5th and 16th centuries), Crepy-en-See also:Valois (St See also:Thomas, 12th, 13th and 15th centuries), St Leu d'Esserent (mainly 12th See also:century), See also:Tracy-le-Val (mainly 12th century), Villers St See also:Paul (12th and 13th centuries), St Germer-de-See also:Fly (a fine example of the transition from Romanesque to See also:Gothic See also:architecture), and St See also:Martin-aux-Bois (13th, 14th and 15th centuries). Pont-point preserves the buildings of an See also:abbey founded towards the end of the 14th century and St See also:Jean-aux-Bois the remains of a priory including a See also:church of the 13th century. There are Gallo-See also:Roman remains of Champlieu See also:close to the See also:forest of Compiegne. At Ermenonville there is a See also:chateau of the 17th century where See also:Rousseau died in 1778.

End of Article: OISE

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