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surface of the department consists of undulating and well-wooded plains, intersected by numerousvalleys, and diversified in the north-east by hilly ground which forms a See also:

PART

part of the See also:

mountain See also:

SYSTEM

system of the Ardennes. Its See also:

general slope is from north-east, where the culminating point (930 ft.) is found, to See also:

south-See also:

west, though altitudes exceeding 750 ft. are also found in the south. The See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

rivers are the Somme, the Escaut and the Sambre, which have their See also:

SOURCES

sources in the north of the department; the Oise, traversing the north-west, with its tributaries the Serre and the Aisne, the latter of which joins it beyond the limits of the department; and the Marne and the Ourcq in the south. The See also:

CLIMATE

climate is in general See also:

COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold and humid, especially in the north-east. See also:

Agriculture is highly See also:

DEVELOPED

developed; cereals, principally See also:

wheat and oats, and beetroot are the chief crops; potatoes, See also:

FLAX

flax, See also:

HEMP (in O. Eng. henep, cf. Dutch hennep, Ger. Hanf , cognate with Gr. Kavval3er, Lat. cannabis)

hemp, See also:

rape and hops are also grown. Pasturage is See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good, particularly in the north-east, where See also:

DAIRY

dairy-farming flourishes. See also:

WINE (Lat. vinum, Gr. oivos)

Wine of See also:

MEDIUM

medium quality is grown on the See also:

banks of the Marne and the Aisne.

See also:

BEE (Sanskrit blza, AS. ben, Lat. apis)

Bee-farming is of some importance. Large tracts of the department are under See also:

wood; the chief forests are those of Nouvion and St See also:

Michel in the north, See also:

COUCY, LE CHATELAIN DE

Coucy and St Gobain in the centre, and Villers-Cotterets in the south. The osiers grown in the vicinity of St Quentin See also:

SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply an active See also:

BASKET

basket-making See also:

INDUSTRY (Lat. industria, from indu-, a form of the pre, position in, and either stare, to stand, or struere, to pile up)

industry. Though destitute of metals Aisne furnishes abundance of freestone, See also:

GYPSUM

gypsum and See also:

clay. There are numerous See also:

TILE (0. Eng. tigel, Fr. tuile, connected with Lat. tegula)

tile and See also:

BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick See also:

WORKS

works in the department. Its most important See also:

INDUSTRIAL

industrial establishments are the See also:

MIRROR (through O. Fr. mirour, mod. miroir, from a sup-posed Late Lat. miratorium, from mirari, to admire)

mirror manufactory of St Gobain and the chemical works at See also:

CHAUNY

Chauny, and the workshops and foundries of See also:

Guise, the See also:

PROPERTY

property of an association of workpeople organized on socialistic lines and producing See also:

IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron goods of various kinds. The manufacture of See also:

SUGAR

sugar is very important; See also:

BREWING

brewing, distilling, See also:

FLOUR

flour-milling, iron-See also:

FOUNDING (from Lat. fundere, to pour)

founding, the See also:

WEAVING

weaving and See also:

SPINNING (from O. Eng. spinnen, to spin, cf. Ger. spinnen, &c., the Teut. root is seen, to draw out, cf. span, spider)

spinning of See also:

cotton, See also:

WOOL, WORSTED AND WOOLLEN MANUFACTURES

wool and See also:

SILK

silk, and the manufacture of iron goods, especially agricultural implements, are actively carried on. Aisne imports See also:

COAL

coal, iron, cotton and other raw material and machinery; it exports cereals, Iive-stock and agricultural products generally, and manufactured goods. The department is served chiefly by the lines of the See also:

NORTHERN

Northern railway; in addition, the See also:

main See also:

LINE

line of the Eastern railway to See also:

STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg traverses the extreme south. The Oise, Aisne and Marne are navigable, and canals furnish 170 M. of waterway. Aisne is divided into five arrondissements—St Quentin and Vervins in the north, See also:

LAON

Laon in the centre, and See also:

SOISSONS

Soissons and See also:

CHATEAU (from Lat. castellum, fortress, through O. Fr. chastel, chasteau)

Chateau-See also:

THIERRY

Thierry in the south—and contains 3 7 cantons and 841 communes. It forms part of the educational See also:

DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division (academie) of See also:

DOUAI

Douai and of the region of the second See also:

army See also:

CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps, its military centre being at See also:

AMIENS

Amiens, where also is its See also:

court of See also:

APPEAL

appeal.

Laon is the See also:

capital, and Soissons the seat of a bishopric of the See also:

province of See also:

Reims. Other important places are Chateau-Thierry, St Quentin and Coucy-le-Chh.teau. La Ferte-Milon has remains of an imposing chateau of the 14th and 15th centuries with interesting fortifications. The ruined See also:

church at Longpont (13th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century) is the relic of an import-See also:

ant Cistercian See also:

abbey; Urcel and Mont-Notre-See also:

Dame have See also:

FINE

fine churches, the first entirely in the Romanesque See also:

style, the second dating from the 12th and 13th centuries, to which See also:

period the church at Braisne also belongs. At Premontre the buildings of the abbey, which was the See also:

CRADLE (of uncertain etymology, possibly connected with " crate " and " creel," i.e. basket; the derivation from a Celtic word, with a sense of rocking, is scouted by the New English Dictionary)

cradle of the Premonstratensian See also:

order, are occupied by a lunatic See also:

asylum.

End of Article: AISNE

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