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GARO HILLS

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Originally appearing in Volume V11, Page 473 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GARO HILLS , a See also:

district of See also:British See also:India, in the hills See also:division of Eastern See also:Bengal and See also:Assam. It takes its name from the Garos, a tribe of doubtful ethnical See also:affinities and See also:peculiar customs, by whom it is almost entirely inhabited. The Garos are probably a See also:section of the See also:great See also:Bodo tribe, which at one See also:time occupied a large See also:part of Assam. According to the See also:census of 1901 they numbered 128,117. In the 18th See also:century they are mentioned as being frequently in conflict with the inhabitants of the plains below their hills, and in 1790 the British See also:government first tried to reduce them. No permanent success was achieved. In 1852 raids by the Garos were followed by a See also:blockade of the hills, but in 1856 they were again in revolt. Again a repressive expedition was despatched in 1861, but in 1866 there was a further See also:raid. A British officer was now posted among the hills; this step was effective; in 1869 the district was constituted, and though in 1871 an See also:outrage was committed against a native on the survey See also:staff, there was little opposition when an expedition was sent in 1872-1873 to bring the whole district into submission, and there were thereafter no further disturbances. The district consists of the last spurs of the Assam hills, which here run down almost to the See also:bank of the See also:Brahmaputra, where that See also:river debouches upon the See also:plain of Bengal and takes its great sweep to the See also:south. The administrative headquarters are at Tura. The See also:area of the district is 3140 sq. m.

In 1901 the See also:

population was 138,274, showing an increase of 14% in the See also:decade. The See also:American missionaries maintain a small training school for teachers. The public buildings at Tura were entirely destroyed by the See also:earthquake of See also:June 12, 1897, and the roads in the district were greatly damaged by subsidence and fissures. See also:Coal in large quantities and See also:petroleum are known to exist. The See also:chief exports are See also:cotton, See also:timber and See also:forest products. See also:Trade is small, though the natives, according to their own See also:standard, are prosperous. They are See also:fair agriculturists. Communications within the district are by See also:cart-roads, bridle-paths and native tracks.

End of Article: GARO HILLS

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