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GUETTARD, JEAN ETIENNE (1715–1786)

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Originally appearing in Volume V12, Page 673 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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GUETTARD, See also:JEAN See also:ETIENNE (1715–1786) , See also:French naturalist and mineralogist, was See also:born at See also:Etampes, on the 22nd of See also:September 1715. In boyhood he gained a knowledge of See also:plants from his grandfather, who was an See also:apothecary, and later he qualified as a See also:doctor in See also:medicine. Pursuing the study of See also:botany in various parts of See also:France and other countries, he began to take See also:notice of the relation between the See also:distribution of plants and the soils and subsoils. In this way his See also:attention came to be directed to minerals and rocks. In 1746 he communicated to the See also:Academy of Sciences in See also:Paris a memoir on the distribution of minerals and` rocks, and this was accompanied by a See also:map on which he had recorded his observations. He thus, as remarked by W. D. See also:Conybeare, " first carried into See also:execution the See also:idea, proposed by [See also:Martini See also:Lister years before, of See also:geological maps." In the course of his journeys he made a large collection of fossils and figured many of them, but he had no clear ideas about the sequence of strata. He made observations also on the degradation of His publications include: Observations sur See also:les plantes (2 vols., 1747); Histoire de la decouverte faite en France de matieres semblables a celles dont la porcelaine de la Chine est composee (1765); Memoires sur differentes parties See also:des sciences et arts (5 vols., 1768—'783); Memoire sur la mineralogie du See also:Dauphine (2 vols., 1779). See The Founders of See also:Geology, by See also:Sir A. See also:Geikie (1897).

End of Article: GUETTARD, JEAN ETIENNE (1715–1786)

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