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LANDWEHR , a See also:German word meaning " See also:defence of the See also:country "; but the See also:term as applied to an insurrectional See also:militia is very See also:ancient, and " lantveri " are mentioned in Baluzii Capitularia, as quoted in See also:Hallam's See also:Middle Ages, i. 262, loth ed. The landwehr in See also:Prussia was first formed by a royal See also:edict of the 17th of See also:March 1813, which called up all men capable of bearing arms between the ages of eighteen and See also:forty-five, and not serving in the See also:regular See also:army, for the defence of the country. After the See also:peace of 1815 this force was made an integral See also:part of the Prussian army, each See also:brigade being composed of one See also:line and one landwehr See also:regiment. This, however, retarded the mobilization and diminished the value of the first line, and by the re-organization of 1859 the landwehr troops were relegated to the second line. In See also:Austria the landwehr is a totally different organization. It is in reality a See also:cadre force existing alongside the regular army, and to it are handed over such recruits as, for want of vacancies, cannot be placed in the latter. In Switzer-See also:land the landwehr is a second line force, in which all citizens serve for twelve years, after passing twelve in the " Auszug " or See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field army.
End of Article: LANDWEHR
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