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MUSONIUS RUFUS

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 93 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MUSONIUS See also:

RUFUS , a See also:Roman philosopher of the 1st See also:century A.D., was See also:born in See also:Etruria about A.D. 20-30. He See also:fell under the See also:ban of See also:Nero owing to his ethical teachings, and was exiled to the See also:island of Gyarus on a trumped-up See also:charge of participation in See also:Piso's See also:conspiracy. He returned under See also:Galba, and was the friend of See also:Vitellius and See also:Vespasian. It was he who dared to bring an See also:accusation against P. Egnatius Celer (the Stoic philosopher whose See also:evidence had condemned his See also:patron and See also:disciple See also:Soranus) and who endeavoured to preach a See also:doctrine of See also:peace and See also:good-will among the soldiers of Vespasian when they were advancing upon See also:Rome. So highly was he esteemed in Rome that Vespasian made an exception in his See also:case when all other philosophers were expelled from the See also:city. As to his See also:death, we know only that he was not living in the reign of See also:Trajan. His See also:philosophy, which is in most respects identical with that of his See also:pupil, See also:Epictetus, is marked by its strong See also:practical tendency. Though he did not altogether neglect See also:logic and physics, he maintained that virtue is the only real aim of men. This virtue is not a thing of See also:precept and theory but a practical, living reality. It is identical with philosophy in the true sense of the word, and the truly good See also:man is also the true philosopher.

Suidas attributes numerous See also:

works to him, amongst others a number of letters to See also:Apollonius of Tyana. The letters are certainly unauthentic; about the others there is no evidence. His views were collected by See also:Claudius (or See also:Valerius) See also:Pollio, who 'wrote 'Axo-µvnuoveGµara Mouowvlov rot, ¢nXoob4,ov, from which See also:Stobaeus obtained his See also:information. See See also:Ritter and See also:Preller §§ 477, 488, 489; See also:Tacitus, See also:Annals, xv. 71 and Histories, iii. 81; and compare articles See also:STOICS and EPICTETUS.

End of Article: MUSONIUS RUFUS

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