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MUSTARD OILS

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 98 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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MUSTARD

MUSTARD See also:
OILS (adopted from the Fr. oile, mod. huile, Lat. oleum, olive oil)
OILS , organic chemical compounds of See also:

general See also:

formula R.NCS. They may be prepared by the See also:

ACTION

action of See also:

CARBON (symbol C, atomic weight 12)

carbon bisulphide on See also:

PRIMARY

primary See also:

AMINES

amines in alcoholic or ethereal See also:

SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution, the alkyl dithio-carbamic compounds formed being then precipitated with mercuric chloride, and the mercuric salts heated in aqueous solution, 2R•NHZCS2CS/NHR HgC121RHNCS2J2Hg--HgS+H2S+2RNCS; —> \S•NH,R .-4 or the isocyanic See also:

ESTERS

esters may be heated with See also:

PHOSPHORUS (Gr. 4ws, light, sPEpety, to bear)

phosphorus pentasulphide (A. See also:

Michael and G. See also:

Palmer, Amer. Chem. Jour., 1884, 6, 257). They are colourless liquids with a very pungent irritating odour. They are readily oxidized, with See also:

PRODUCTION (Lat. productionem, from producere, to pro-duce)

production of the corresponding amine. Nascent See also:

HYDROGEN [symbol H, atomic weight x-oo8 (0=16)]

hydrogen converts them into the amine, with simultaneous formation of thio-formaldehyde, RNCS+4H=R•See also:

NH2+HCSH. When heated with acids to 100 C, they decompose with formation of the amine and liberation of carbon bisulphide and sulphuretted hydrogen. They combine directly with See also:

alcohols, See also:

MERCAPTANS (Thio-alcohols)

mercaptans, See also:

AMMONIA (NH3)

ammonia, amines and with aldehyde ammonia. Methyl mustard oil, CH3NCS, melts at 35° C.and boils at 119° C.

Allyl mustard oil, C3HBNCS, is the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal constituent of the See also:

ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary mustard oil obtained on distilling See also:

black mustard seeds. These seeds contain See also:

POTASSIUM [symbol K (from kalium), atomic weight 39.114 0=16)]

potassium myronate (C1oH,8NS20,0K) which in presence of See also:

WATER

water is hydrolysed by the myrosiri See also:

PRESENT

present in the See also:

SEED (from the root seen in Lat. serere, to sow)

seed, C15I-118NS2O10K = C6Hi206+KHSO4+CaHBNCS. It may also be prepared by See also:

HEATING

heating allyl sulphide with potassium. sulphocyanide. It is a colourless liquid boiling at 150.7° C. I; combines directly with potassium bisulphite. Phenyl mustard of CBHGNCS, is obtained by boiling sulphocarbanilide with concentrated hydrochloric See also:

ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid, some triphenylguanidine being formed at the same See also:

time. It is a colourless liquid boiling at 222° C. When heated with See also:

COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper See also:

POWDER (through O. Fr. puldre, modern poudre, from Lat. pulvis, pulveris, dust)

powder it yields benzonitrile.

End of Article: MUSTARD OILS

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