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RUBICON

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 808 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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RUBICON , a small stream of See also:

ancient See also:

Italy, which flowed into the Adriatic between See also:

ARIMINUM (mod. Rimini)

Ariminum and Caesena, and formed the boundary between Italy and the See also:

province of Cisalpine See also:

Gaul. Hence See also:

Caesar's See also:

CROSSING

crossing of it in 49 B.C. was tantamount to a See also:

DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

declaration of See also:

war against See also:

Rome as represented by See also:

POMPEY

Pompey and the See also:

SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

Senate. The historic importance of this event gave rise to the phrase " crossing the Rubicon " for a step which definitely commits a See also:

PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person to a given course of See also:

ACTION

action. There has been much controversy as to the See also:

IDENTIFICATION (Lat. idem, the same)

identification of the stream; it appears that its upper course is represented by that of the Pisciatello (called Rubigone in the 11th or See also:

LATH (0. Eng. laett, Mid. Eng. lappe, a form possibly due to the Welsh llath; the word appears in many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch lat, Ger. Latte, and has passed into Romanic, cf. Ital. latta, Fr. latte)

lath See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century and now Rugone or Urgone), and its See also:

LOWER

lower portion by the Fiumicino, which the Urgone once joined. The point was marked by a station on the Via Aemilia below their confluence, 12 M. N.W. of Ariminum, bearing the name ad Confluentes; and here is still preserved a three-arched See also:

BRIDGE

bridge, larger than is necessary for the See also:

WATER

water carried by the See also:

PRESENT

present Fiumicino.

End of Article: RUBICON

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RUBIDIUM [symbol Rb, atomic weight 85.45 (0=16)]