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GAUL . the See also:modern See also:form of the See also:Roman Gallia, the name of the two See also:chief districts known to the See also:Romans as inhabited by See also:Celtic-speaking peoples, (a) Gallia Cisalpina (or Citerior, " Hither "), i.e. See also:north See also:Italy between See also:Alps and See also:Apennines and (b) the far more important Gallia Transalpina (or Ulterior, " Further "), usually called Gallia (Gaul) simply, the See also:land bounded by the Alps, the Mediterranean, the See also:Pyrenees, the See also:Atlantic, the See also:Rhine, i.e. modern See also:France and See also:Belgium with parts of See also:- HOLLAND
- HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
- HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
- HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
- HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
- HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
- HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
- HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
- HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART
Holland, See also:Germany and See also:Switzerland. The See also:Greek form of Gallia was raxaria, but See also:Galatia in Latin denoted another Celtic region in central See also:Asia See also:Minor, sometimes styled Gallograecia.
(a) Gallia Cisalpina was mainly conquered by See also:Rome by 222 B.c.; later it adopted Roman See also:civilization; about 42 B.C. it was See also:united with Italy and its subsequent See also:history is merged in that of the See also:peninsula. Its chief distinctions are that during the later See also:Republic and earlier See also:Empire it yielded excellent soldiers, and thus much aided the success of See also:Caesar against See also:Pompey and of Octavian against Antony, and that it gave Rome the poet See also:Virgil (by origin a See also:Celt) ,the historian See also:Livy, the lyrist See also:Catullus, See also:Cornelius See also:Nepos, the See also:elder and the younger See also:Pliny and other distinguished writers?.
( b) Gaul proper first enters See also:ancient history when the Greek See also:colony of Massilia was founded (?600 B.C.). Roman armies began to enter it about 218 B.C. In 121 B.C. the See also:coast from
1 When Cisalpine Gaul became completely Romanized, it was often known as " Gallia Togata," while the See also:Province was distinguished as " Gallia Bracata " (bracae, incorrectly braccae, " See also:trousers "), from the See also:long trousers worn by the inhabitants, and the See also:rest of Gaul as " Gallia Comata," from the inhabitants wearing their See also:hair long.
End of Article: GAUL
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