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SPATANOOIDA

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 881 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SPATANOOIDA Cretaceous CLYPEASTROIDA 1 See also:

Tertiary See also:Recent L--Jaws lofty jaws See also:flat—ryduced — lost ~— abranchiate —JL—branchiate wt—lipobranchiate—' L— no sphaeridia —a' .sphaeridia endocyclic exocyclic The probable relationship of these orders is shown in the annexed table. Here the Cystocidaroida occupy an isolated position. It is, however, quite possible that Echinocystis may some See also:day be referred to the Cidaroida, and Palaeodiscus to the Melonitoida. This would leave the Echinoid See also:scheme remarkably See also:simple, with the Melonitoida and Cidaroida as divergent branches from an ancestor like Bothriocidaris; but while the former See also:branch soon decayed, the latter continues to flourish at the See also:present day. To take the Echinoidea now living, and to See also:divide them into Endocyclica and Exocyclica, Branchiate and Abranchiate, Gnathostomata and Atelostomata, is easy and convenient; or again to distinguish as Palechinoidea those pre-See also:Jurassic genera which do not conform to the fixed type of twenty See also:vertical columns found in the later Euechinoidea, is to See also:express an interesting fact; but all such divisions obscure the true relationships, and the corresponding terms should be recognized as descriptive rather than classificatory. zoologie See also:concrete, iii., 1878–1887i Y. (See also:Paris, 1904) ; A. See also:Lang, See also:Text-See also:Book of See also:Comparative See also:Anatomy, transl., See also:part ii. (See also:London, 1896); See also:Ludwig and See also:Hamann, " Echinodermen," in See also:Bronn's Klassen and Ordnungen See also:des Tierreichs (See also:Leipzig, 1889), in progress; M. See also:Neumayr, See also:Die Stdmme des Tierreiches (Wien, 1889); P. B. and C. F.

See also:

Sarasin, Uber die Anatomie der Echinothuriden and die Phylogenie der Echinodermen," Ergebnisse naturw. Forsch. auf See also:Ceylon, Bd. i Heft 3 (See also:Wiesbaden, 1888) ; R. Semon, " Die Homologien innerhalb des Echinodermenstammes," Morph. .Tahrb. (1889); W. P. Sladen, " Homologies of the See also:Primary Larval Plates in the Test of Brachiate Echinoderms," Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., 1884; K. A. v. See also:Zittel, Handbuch der .

. . Palfiozoologie, i. pp. 308-560 (Munchen, 1879); also Grundsuge, translated and revised by C. R.

End of Article: SPATANOOIDA

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