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sour (adj.)

Old English sur "sour, tart, acid, fermented," from Proto-Germanic *sura- "sour" (source also of Old Norse surr, Middle Dutch suur, Dutch zuur, Old High German sur, German sauer), from PIE root *suro- "sour, salty, bitter" (source also of Old Church Slavonic syru, Russian syroi "moist, raw;" Lithuanian sūras "salty," sūris "cheese").

Meaning "having a peevish disposition" is from early 13c. Sense in whisky sour (1885) is "with lemon added" (1862). Sour cream is attested from 1855. French sur "sour, tart" (12c.) is a Germanic loan-word.

sour (v.)

c. 1300, from sour (adj.). Compare Old High German suren, German säuern. Related: Soured; souring.

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Definitions of sour from WordNet
1
sour (adj.)
smelling of fermentation or staleness;
Synonyms: rancid
sour (adj.)
having a sharp biting taste;
sour (adj.)
one of the four basic taste sensations; like the taste of vinegar or lemons;
sour (adj.)
in an unpalatable state;
sour milk
Synonyms: off / turned
sour (adj.)
inaccurate in pitch;
a false (or sour) note
Synonyms: false / off-key
2
sour (n.)
a cocktail made of a liquor (especially whiskey or gin) mixed with lemon or lime juice and sugar;
sour (n.)
the taste experience when vinegar or lemon juice is taken into the mouth;
Synonyms: sourness / tartness
sour (n.)
the property of being acidic;
Synonyms: sourness / acidity
3
sour (v.)
go sour or spoil;
The milk has soured
Synonyms: turn / ferment / work
sour (v.)
make sour or more sour;
Synonyms: acidify / acidulate / acetify
From wordnet.princeton.edu