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BIREJIK (Arab. Bir; classical, Apamea...

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 979 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BIREJIK (Arab. Bir; classical, See also:Apamea-Zeugma) , a See also:town of See also:North-See also:West See also:Mesopotamia, in the See also:Aleppo vilayet, See also:altitude 1170 ft., built on a See also:limestone cliff 400 ft. high on the See also:left See also:bank of the See also:Euphrates. Pop. about 1o,000, three-quarters Moslem. It is situated at one of the most important crossings of the Euphrates, where there was, in See also:ancient times, a See also:bridge of boats, and is now a See also:ferry on the road from Aleppo to Urfa, Diarbekr and See also:Mosul. Birejik corresponds actually to Apamea, which See also:lay opposite Zeugma, and commanded the bridge with its strong See also:castle (Kala Beda) now much ruined. The See also:place seems to have had a pre-Seleucid existence as Birtha, a name which revived under See also:Roman See also:rule (we hear of the See also:emperor See also:Julian resting there on his See also:march into Mesopotamia, A.D. 363), and is preserved to this See also:day. The ferry over an unusually deep and narrow See also:part of the Euphrates has been used from See also:time immemorial in the passage from North See also:Syria to Haran (Charrae), See also:Edessa and North Mesopotamia, and was second in importance only to that at See also:Thapsacus, by which crossed the route to See also:Babylon and See also:South Mesopotamia. Birejik was the See also:scene of an unusually cruel See also:massacre and persecution of Armenians in 1895.

End of Article: BIREJIK (Arab. Bir; classical, Apamea-Zeugma)

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