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CRITIAS

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 468 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CRITIAS , Athenian orator and poet, and one of the See also:

Thirty Tyrants. In his youth he was a See also:pupil of See also:Gorgias and See also:Socrates, but subsequently devoted himself to See also:political intrigues. In 415 B.C. he was implicated in the See also:mutilation of the See also:Hermae and imprisoned. In 411 he helped to put down the Four See also:Hundred, and was instrumental in procuring the recall of See also:Alcibiades. He was banished (probably in the democratic reaction of 407) and fled to See also:Thessaly, where he stirred up the Penestae (the See also:helots of Thessaly) against their masters, and endeavoured to establish a See also:democracy. Returning to See also:Athens he was made See also:ephor by the oligarchical party; and he was the most cruel and unscrupulous of the Thirty Tyrants who in 404 were appointed by the Lacedaemonians. He was slain in See also:battle against See also:Thrasybulus and the returning democrats. Critias was a See also:man of varied talents—poet, orator, historian and philosopher. Some fragments of his elegies will be found in See also:Bergk, Poetae Lyrici Graeci. He was also the author of several tragedies and of See also:biographies of distinguished poets (possibly in See also:verse). See See also:Xenophon, Hellenica, ii. 3.

4. 19, Memorabilia, i. 2; See also:

Cornelius See also:Nepos, Thrasybulus, 2; R. Lallier, De Criliae tyranni vita ac scriptis (1875) ; Nestle, Neue Jahrb. f. d. kl. Altert. (1903).

End of Article: CRITIAS

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