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FORTUNA (FORTUNE)

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 726 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FORTUNA (See also:FORTUNE) , an See also:Italian goddess of See also:great antiquity, but apparently not native at See also:Rome, where, according to universal See also:Roman tradition, she was introduced by the See also:king Servius Tullius as Fors Fortuna, and established in a See also:temple on the See also:Etruscan See also:side of the See also:Tiber outside the See also:city, and also under other titles in other shrines. In See also:Latium she had two famous places of See also:worship, one at See also:Praeneste, where there was an See also:oracle of Fortuna primigenia (the first-See also:born), frequented especially by See also:women who, as we may suppose, desired to know the fortunes of their See also:children or their own fortune in See also:child-See also:birth; the other at See also:Antium, well known from See also:Horace's See also:ode (i. 35). It is highly probable that Fortuna was never a deity of the abstract See also:idea of See also:chance, but represented the hopes and fears of men and especially of women at different stages of their See also:life and experience; thus we find her worshipped as See also:time went on under numerous cult-titles, such as muliebris, virilis, hujusce diei, equestris, redux, &c., which connected her supposed See also:powers with individuals, See also:groups of individuals, or particular occasions. Gradually she became more or less closely identified with the Gr. Tbxn, and was represented on coins, &c., with a cornucopia as the giver of prosperity, a See also:rudder as the controller of destinies, and with a See also:wheel, or See also:standing on a See also:ball, to indicate the uncertainty of fortune. In this semi-See also:Greek See also:form she came to be worshipped over the whole See also:empire, and See also:Pliny (N.H. ii. 22) declares that in his See also:day she was invoked in all places and every See also:hour. She even became identified with See also:Isis, and as Panthea was supposed to combine the attributes of all other deities. The best See also:account of this difficult subject is to be found in See also:Roscher's Mythological See also:Lexicon (sae); see also Wissowa, See also:Religion and Kultus der Romer, p. 206 See also:foil. (W.

W.

End of Article: FORTUNA (FORTUNE)

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