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INTERCOLUMNIATION

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Originally appearing in Volume V14, Page 684 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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INTERCOLUMNIATION , in See also:

architecture, the distance between the columns of a See also:peristyle, generally referred to in terms of the See also:lower See also:diameter of the See also:column. They are thus set forth by See also:Vitruvius (iii. 2): (a) See also:Pycnostyle, equal to 12 diameters; (b) See also:Systyle, 2 diameters; (c) See also:Eustyle, 24 diameters (which was the proportion' preferred by him); (d) See also:Diastyle, 3 diameters; and (e) See also:Araeostyle or wide spaced, 4" diameters, a span only= possible when the See also:architrave was in See also:wood. Vitruvius's See also:definition would seem to apply only to examples with which he was acquainted in See also:Rome, or to See also:Greek temples described by authors he had studied. In the earlier Doric temples the intercolumniation is sometimes less than one diameter, and it increases gradually as the See also:style See also:developed; thus in the See also:Parthenon it is 1;, in the See also:Temple of See also:Diana See also:Propylaea at See also:Eleusis, 11; and in the See also:portico at See also:Delos, 22. The intercolumniations of the columns of the Ionic See also:Order are greater, averaging 2 diameters, but then the relative proportion of height to diameter in the column has to be taken into See also:account, as also the width of the peristyle. Thus in the temple of See also:Apollo Branchidae, where the columns are slender and over to diameters in height, the intercolumniation is 11, notwithstanding its See also:late date, and in the Temple of Apollo Smintheus in See also:Asia See also:Minor, in which the peristyle is pseudodipteral, or See also:double width, the intercolumniation is just over 11. Temples of the Corinthian Order follow the proportions of those of the Ionic Order.

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