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KISTNA, or KRISHNA

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 837 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KISTNA, or See also:KRISHNA , a large See also:river of See also:southern See also:India. It rises near the Bombay See also:sanatorium of See also:Mahabaleshwar in the Western See also:Ghats, only about 40 M. from the Arabian See also:Sea, and, as it discharges into the See also:Bay of See also:Bengal, it thus flows across almost the entire See also:peninsula from See also:west to See also:east. It has an estimatedbasin See also:area of 97,000 sq. m., and its length is 800 m. Its source is held sacred, and is frequented by pilgrims in large See also:numbers. From Mahabaleshwar the Kistna runs southward in a rapid course into the See also:nizam's dominions, then turns to the east, and ultimately falls into the sea by two See also:principal mouths, carrying with it the See also:waters of the See also:Bhima from the See also:north and the Tungabadhra from the See also:south-west. Along this See also:part of the See also:coast runs an extensive See also:strip of See also:land which has been entirely formed by the detritus washed down by the Kistna and See also:Godavari. The river channel is throughout too rocky and the stream too rapid to allow See also:navigation even by small native See also:craft. In utility for See also:irrigation the Kistna is also inferior to its two See also:sister streams, the Godavari and See also:Cauvery. By far the greatest of its irrigation See also:works is the See also:Bezwada anicut, begun by See also:Sir See also:Arthur See also:Cotton in 1852. Bezwada is a small See also:town at the entrance of the See also:gorge by which the Kistna bursts through the Eastern Ghats and immediately spreads over the alluvial See also:plain. The channel there is 1300 yds. wide. During the dry See also:season the See also:depth of See also:water is barely 6 ft., but sometimes it rises to as much as 36 ft., the maximum See also:flood See also:discharge being calculated at 1,188,000 cub. ft. per second.

Of the two See also:

main canals connected with the See also:dam, that on the See also:left See also:bank breaks into two branches, the one See also:running 39 M. to See also:Ellore, the other 49 M. to See also:Masulipatam. The See also:canal on the right bank proceeds nearly parallel to the river, and also sends off two principal branches, to Nizampatam and Comamur. The See also:total length of the main channels is 372 M. and the total area irrigated in 1903-1904 was about 700,000 acres.

End of Article: KISTNA, or KRISHNA

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