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See also: MUSSCHENBROEK, PIETER See also:VAN (1692–1761) , Dutch natural philosopher, was See also:born on the 14th of See also:March 1692 at See also:Leiden, where his See also:father Johann Joosten van Musschenbroek (166o–17o7) was a maker of See also:physical apparatus. He studied at the university of his native See also:city, where he was a See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil and friend of W. J. s'G. Gravesande. Graduating in 1715 with a dissertation, De aeris praesentia in humoribus animalium, Musschenbroek was appointed See also:professor at See also:Duisburg in 1719. In 1723 he was promoted to the See also:chair of natural See also:philosophy and See also:mathematics at See also:Utrecht. In 1731 he declined an invitation to See also:Copenhagen, and was promoted in consequence to the chair of See also:astronomy at Utrecht in 1732. The See also:attempt of See also:George II. of See also:England in 1737 to attract him to the newly-established university of See also:Gottingen was also unsuccessful. At length, however, the claims of his native city overcame his See also:resolution to remain at Utrecht, and he accepted the mathematical chair at Leiden in 1739, where, declining all offers from abroad, he remained till his See also:death on the 9th of See also:September 1761.
His first important See also:production was See also:Epitome elementorum physicomathematicorum (12mo, Leiden, 1726)—a See also:work which was after-wards gradually altered as it passed through several See also:editions, and which appeared at length (posthumously, ed. by Johann Lulofs, one of his colleagues as Leiden) in 1762, under the See also:title of Introductio ad philosophiam naturalem. The Physicae experimentales et geometricae See also:dissertations (1729) threw new See also:light on See also:magnetism, capillary attraction, and the cohesion of bodies. A Latin edition with notes (1731) of the See also:Italian work Saggi di naturali esperienze fatte nelll'Accademia del Cimento contained among many other investigations a description of a new See also:instrument, the See also:pyrometer, which Musschenbroek had invented, and of several experiments which he had made on the expansion of bodies by See also:heat. Musschenbroek was also the author of Elementa physics (8vo, 1729), and his name is associated with the invention of the See also: Leyden See also:jar (q.v.).
End of Article: MUSSCHENBROEK, PIETER VAN (1692–1761)
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