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PONDICHERRY

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Originally appearing in Volume V22, Page 60 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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PONDICHERRY , the See also:

capital of the See also:French possessions in See also:India, situated on the Coromandel or western See also:coast, 122 M. by See also:rail S. of See also:Madras. The territory, which is entirely surrounded by the See also:British See also:district of See also:South See also:Arcot, has an See also:area of 115 sq. m. with a See also:population (1901) of 174,456. The See also:chief crops are dry grains, See also:rice, See also:earth-nuts and a little See also:indigo. The territory is traversed by a See also:branch of the South See also:Indian railway from Villapuram. The See also:town has a population of 27,448. It is well laid out with See also:fine public buildings; the See also:water-See also:supply is derived from artesian See also:wells. It has an open roadstead, with a small See also:iron See also:pier. The See also:port is visited yearly by 500 vessels, and has See also:trade of the value of about some £1,300,000. The See also:principal imports are areca-nuts, wines and See also:liqueurs, and the chief exports ground-nuts, oil, See also:cotton fabrics and rice. Of the export trade more than one-See also:half is with See also:France, but of the import trade only one-See also:fourth. The See also:weaving of various fabrics forms the principal See also:industry. Pondicherry was founded in 1683 by See also:Francois See also:Martin, on the site of a See also:village given him by the See also:governor of Gingee.

In 1693 the Dutch took Pondicherry, but restored it, with the fortifications greatly improved, in 1697, at the See also:

peace of See also:Ryswick. In 1748 See also:Admiral See also:Boscawen laid See also:siege to it without success, but in 1761 it was taken by See also:Colonel See also:Coote from See also:Lally. In 1763 it was restored to the French. In 1778 it was again taken by See also:Sir See also:Hector See also:Munro, and its fortifications destroyed. In 1783 it was retransferred to the French, and in 1793 recaptured by the See also:English. The treaty of See also:Amiens in 1802 restored it to the French, but' it was retaken in 1803. In 1816 it was finally restored to the French.

End of Article: PONDICHERRY

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