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See also:LALLY, See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
THOMAS See also:ARTHUR, See also:COMTE DE , See also:Baron de Tollendal (1702-1766), See also:French See also:general, was See also:born at See also:Romans, See also:Dauphine, in See also:January 1702, being the son of See also:Sir See also:Gerard O'Lally, an Irish Jacobite who married a French See also:lady of See also:noble See also:family, from whom the son inherited his titles. Entering the French See also:army in 1721 he served in the See also:war of 1734 against See also:Austria; he was See also:present at See also:Dettingen (1743), and commanded the See also:regiment de Lally in the famous Irish See also:brigade at See also:Fontenoy (May 1745). He was made a brigadier on the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field by See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XV. He had previously been mixed up in several Jacobite plots, and in 1745 accompanied See also:Charles See also:Edward to See also:Scotland, serving as aide-de-See also:camp at the See also:battle of See also:Falkirk (January 1746). Escaping to See also:France, he served with See also:Marshal See also:Saxe in the See also:Low Countries, and at the See also:capture of Maestricht (1748) was made a marechal de camp. When war See also:broke out with See also:England in 1756 Lally was given the command of a French expedition to See also:India. He reached See also:Pondicherry in See also:April 1758, and at the outset met with some trifling military success. He was a See also:man of courage and a capable general; but his See also:pride and ferocity made him disliked by his See also:officers and hated by his soldiers, while he regarded the natives as slaves, despised their assistance, arid trampled on their traditions of See also:caste. In consequence everything went wrong with him. He was unsuccessful in an attack on See also:Tanjore, and had to retire from the See also:siege of See also:Madras (1758) owing to the timely arrival of the See also:British See also:fleet. He was defeated by Sir See also:Eyre See also:Conte at See also:Wandiwash (176o), and besieged in Pondicherry and forced to capitulate (1761). He was sent as a prisoner of war to England. While in See also:London, he heard that he was accused in France of treachery, and insisted, against See also:advice, on returning on See also:parole to stand his trial. He was kept prisoner for nearly two years before the trial began; then, after many painful delays, he was sentenced to See also:death (May 6, 1766), and three days later beheaded. Louis XV. tried to throw the responsibility for what was undoubtedly a judicial See also:murder on his ministers and the public, but his policy needed a scapegoat, and he was probably well content not to exercise his authority to See also:save an almost friendless foreigner.
See G. B. See also:Malleson, The Career of See also:Count Lally (1865) ; " Z's " (the See also:marquis de Lally-Tollendal) See also:article in the Biographic See also:Michaud; and See also:Voltaire's 'uvres completes. The legal documents are pre-served in the Bibliotheque Nationale.
LALLY-TOLLENDAL, TROPHIME GERARD, MARQUIS DE (1751-1830), was born at See also:Paris on the 5th of See also:March 1751. He was the legitimized son of the comte de Lally and only discovered
the See also:secret of his See also:birth on the See also:day of his See also:father's See also:execution, when he resolved to devote himself to clearing his father's memory. He was supported by Voltaire, and in 1778 succeeded in persuading Louis XVI. to annul the See also:decree which had sentenced the comte de Lally., but the See also:parlement of See also:Rouen, to which the See also:case was referred back, in 1784 again decided in favour of Lally's See also:guilt. The case was retried by other courts, but Lally's innocence was never fully admitted by the French See also:judges. In 1779 Lally-Tollendal bought the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of See also:Grand bailli of See also:Etampes, and in 1789 was a See also:deputy to the states-general for the noblesse of Paris. He played some See also:part in the See also:early stages of the Revolution, but was too conservative to be in sympathy with all even of its earlier developments. He threw himself into opposition to the " tyranny " of See also:Mirabeau, and condemned the epidemic of renunciation which in the session of the 4th of See also:August 1789 destroyed the traditional institutions of France. Later in the See also:year he emigrated to England. During the trial of Louis XVI. by the See also:National See also:Convention (1993) he offered to defend the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king, but was not allowed to return to France. He did not return till the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of the Consulate. Louis XVIII. created him a peer of France, and in 1816 he became a member of the French See also:Academy. From that time until his death, on the 11th of March 183o, he devoted himself to philanthropic See also:work, especially identifying himself with See also:prison reform.
See his Plaidoyer pour Louis XVI. (London, 1793) ; Lally-Tollendal was also in part responsible for the Memoires, attributed to See also:Joseph See also:Weber, concerning See also:Marie Antoinette (1804); he further edited the article on his father in the Biographie Michaud; see also See also:Arnault, Discours prononce aux funerailles de M. le marquis de Lally-Tollendal le 13 See also:mars 1830 (Paris) ; Gauthier de Brecy, Necrologie de M. le marquis de Lally-Tollendal (Paris, undated) ; Voltaire, CEuvres completes (Paris, 1889), in which see the See also:analytical table of contents, vol. ii.
End of Article: LALLY, THOMAS ARTHUR, COMTE DE
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