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TANJORE

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 399 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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TANJORE , a See also:

CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and See also:

DISTRICT

district of See also:

BRITISH

British See also:

India in the See also:

MADRAS

Madras See also:

PRESIDENCY

presidency. The city is situated on the right See also:

BANK

bank of the See also:

RIVER

river See also:

CAUVERY, or KAVERI

Cauvery, and is an important junction on the See also:

South See also:

INDIAN

Indian railway, 218 m. S. of Madras. Pop. (19o1) 57,870. As the last See also:

capital of the See also:

ancient See also:

HINDU

Hindu See also:

DYNASTY (Gr. &vvaareta, sovereignty, the position of a hevnori7r, lord, ruler, from SuvaaBay to be able, Suvaµas, power)

dynasty of the Cholas, and in all ages one of the See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

POLITICAL

political, See also:

LITERARY

literary and religious centres of the south, the city is full of interesting associations. It was the See also:

SCENE (Fr. scene, Lat. scaena, Gr. oflvil, a tent or booth, a stage or scene)

scene of the earliest labours of See also:

PROTESTANT

Protestant missionaries in India. The See also:

MODERN

modern See also:

HISTORY

history of Tanjore begins with its See also:

CONQUEST

conquest by the See also:

MAHRATTAS

Mahrattas in 1674 under Venkaji, the See also:

BROTHER

brother of See also:

SIVAJI (1627—1680)

Sivaji the See also:

GREAT

Great. The British first came into contact with Tanjore by their expedition in 1749 with a view to the restoration of a deposed See also:

RAJA

raja. In this they failed, and a subsequent expedition was bought off. The Mahrattas practically held Tanjore until 1799. In See also:

OCTOBER

October of that See also:

YEAR

year the district was ceded to the See also:

East India See also:

COMPANY

Company in See also:

ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute See also:

SOVEREIGNTY

sovereignty by Raja Sharabhoji, See also:

PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil of the missionary See also:

The raja retained only the capital and a small See also:

TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract of See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round. He died in 1833 and was succeeded by his son Sivaji, on whose See also:

DEATH

death in 1855 without an See also:

HEIR (Lat. heres, from a root meaning to grasp, seen in heres or erus, master of a house, Gr. xeip, hand, Sans. hat ana, hand)

heir the See also:

house became See also:

EXTINCT

extinct. The See also:

MISSION

mission at Tanjore was founded in 1778 by the Rev. See also:

Christian F. Schwarz or Schwartz (1726-1798). The mission establishments were taken over in 1826 by the Society for the See also:

PROPAGATION

Propagation of the See also:

GOSPEL (O. Eng. godspel, i.e. good news, a translation of Lat. bona annuntiatio, or evangelium, Gr. evayyeXwv; cf. Goth. iu spillon, " to announce good news," Ulfilas' translation of the Greek, from iu, that which is good, and spellon to announce)

Gospel, which subsequently founded new stations in several parts of the district. See also:

ROMAN

Roman See also:

CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

MISSIONS (Lat. missio, a sending)

missions date from the first See also:

HALF

half of the 17th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century. St See also:

Peter's See also:

COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, founded by Schwarz as a school, is now a first-grade college affiliated to the university of Madras. His See also:

church See also:

DATES

dates from 1779. Among interesting ancient buildings may be mentioned the See also:

PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace within the fort, containing an armoury and See also:

FINE

fine library; and the Brihadiswaraswami See also:

temple, of the 11th century, enclosed in two courts, surmounted by a lofty See also:

TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

tower and including the exquisitely decorated See also:

SHRINE (Lat. scrinium, a case or chest for books, hence a casket; from scribere, to write, Fr. ecrin, Ital. scrigno)

shrine of Subrahmanya. Though the city has specialities of See also:

JEWELRY (O. Fr. jouel, Fr. joyau, perhaps from joie, joy; Lat. gaudium; retranslated into Low Lat. jocale, a toy, from jocus, by misapprehension of the origin of the word)

jewelry, carpets, modelling in See also:

PITH (O.E. pitca, cognate with Du. pit, kernel of a nut)

pith, &c., there are no large See also:

INDUSTRIES

industries. The DISTRICT OF TANJORE has an See also:

AREA

area of 3710 sq. m.

On See also:

account of its fertility it has been called the " Gal den of See also:

SOUTHERN

Southern India." It is irrigated by an elaborate See also:

SYSTEM

system of dams, cuts and canals in connexion with the See also:

rivers Cauvery and Coleroon, and the See also:

SOIL

soil is exceedingly productive. The See also:

DELTA (from the shape of the Gr. letter A, delta, originally used of the mouth of the Nile)

delta of the Cauvery occupies the See also:

FLAT (a modification of O. Eng. flet, an obsolete word of Teutonic origin, meaning the ground beneath the feet)

flat See also:

NORTHERN

northern See also:

PART

part, which is highly cultivated, dotted over with groves of coco-See also:

nut trees, and is one of the most densely populated tracts in India. The See also:

STAPLE

staple See also:

CROP (a word common. in various forms, such as Germ. Kropf, to many Teutonic languages for a swelling, excrescence, round head or top of anything; it appears also in Romanic languages derived from Teutonic, in Fr. as troupe, whence the English " crupper "

crop is See also:

rice, which is grown on 77 per cent. of the cultivated area. Tanjore is a See also:

LAND

land of temples, many of them being of very See also:

early date. The district is traversed by the See also:

main See also:

LINE

line and several branches of the South Indian railway, some of which have been constructed by the district See also:

BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board. The chief seaport is See also:

NEGAPATAM

Negapatam, and the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal export is rice to See also:

CEYLON

Ceylon. The See also:

POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population in 1901 was 2,245,029. See Tanjore District Gazetteer (Madras, 1906).

End of Article: TANJORE

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