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SYNTHESIS (Gr. a6vOeacs, from avvrcBi...

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Originally appearing in Volume V26, Page 295 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SYNTHESIS (Gr. a6vOeacs, from avvrcBivac, to put together) , a See also:term used both generally and technically, with the fundamental meaning of See also:composition, opposed to See also:analysis (q.v.), the breaking up of a whole into its component parts. In teaching, for example, when a new fact is brought into connexion with already acquired knowledge and the learner puts them together (" synthesizes "), the result is " synthetic " and the See also:process is " synthesis." The See also:reverse process is analysis, as in See also:grammar when a See also:child breaks up a See also:sentence into subject, verb, See also:object, &c. Thus all inductive reasoning is synthetic in See also:character. The term " synthesis " is much used in See also:philosophy. Thus See also:Kant makes a distinction, fundamental to his theory of knowledge, between See also:analytic and synthetic judgments, the latter being those judgments which are not derivable from the nature of the subject, but in which the predicate is obtained rather by experience or by the operation of the mind (the " synthetic See also:judgment a priori "; see KANT). Perhaps the most famous use of the term is in See also:Herbert See also:Spencer's " Synthetic Philosophy," the name given to the several See also:treatises which contain his philosophic See also:system—the " unification of knowledge " from the data of the See also:separate sciences.

End of Article: SYNTHESIS (Gr. a6vOeacs, from avvrcBivac, to put together)

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