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ACOSTA, URIEL (d. 1647)

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 153 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ACOSTA, URIEL (d. 1647) , a Portuguese See also:Jew of See also:noble See also:family, was See also:born at See also:Oporto towards the See also:close of the 16th See also:century. His See also:father being a convert to See also:Christianity, Uriel was brought up in the See also:Roman See also:Catholic faith, and strictly observed the See also:rites of the See also:church till the course of his inquiries led him, after much painful doubt, to abandon the See also:religion of his youth for Judaism. Passing over to See also:Amsterdam, he was received into the See also:synagogue, having his name changed from See also:Gabriel to Uriel. His wayward disposition found, however, no See also:satisfaction in the Jewish See also:fold. He came into conflict with the authorities of the synagogue and was excommunicated. Unlike See also:Spinoza (who was about fifteen at the See also:time of Acosta's See also:death), Acosta was not strong enough to stand alone. Wearied by his See also:melancholy See also:isolation, he was driven to seek a return to the Jewish communion. Having re-canted his heresies, he was readmitted after an See also:excommunication of fifteen years, but was soon excommunicated a second time. After seven years of exclusion, he once more sought See also:admission, and, on passing through a humiliating See also:penance. was again received. His vacillating autobiography, Exemplar Humanae Vitae, was published with a "refutation" by See also:Limborch in 1687, and republished in 1847. In this brief See also:work Acosta declares his opposition both to Christianity and Judaism, though he speaks with the more bitterness of the latter religion.

The only authority which he admits is the lex naturae. Acosta was not an See also:

original thinker, but he stands in the See also:direct See also:line of the rational Deists. His See also:history forms the subject of a See also:tale and of a tragedy by See also:Gutzkow. Acosta committed See also:suicide in 1647. The significance of his career has been much exaggerated.

End of Article: ACOSTA, URIEL (d. 1647)

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