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ANTIPHON

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Originally appearing in Volume V02, Page 133 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ANTIPHON , of Rhamnus in See also:

Attica, the earliest of the " ten " See also:Attic orators, was See also:born in 480 B.C. He took an active See also:part in See also:political affairs at See also:Athens, and, as a zealous supporter; of the oligarchical party, was largely responsible for the See also:establishment of the Four See also:Hundred in 411 (see See also:THERAMENES) ; on the restoration of the See also:democracy he was accused of See also:treason and condemned to See also:death. See also:Thucydides (viii. 68) expresses a very high See also:opinion of him. Antiphon may be regarded as the founder of political See also:oratory, but he never addressed the See also:people himself except on the occasion of his trial. Fragments of his speech then delivered in See also:defence of his policy (called Hepi µergo-See also:rao-ecos) have been edited by J. See also:Nicole (1907) from an See also:Egyptian See also:papyrus. His See also:chief business was that of a professional speech-writer (Xoyoypacbos), for those who See also:felt incompetent to conduct their own cases—as all disputants were obliged to do—without See also:expert assistance. Fifteen of Antiphon's speeches are extant: twelve are See also:mere school exercises on fictitious cases, divided into tetralogies, each consisting of two speeches for See also:prosecution and defence—accusation, defence, reply, See also:counter-reply; three refer to actual legal processes. All See also:deal with cases of See also:homicide (4ovtKai Siicat). Antiphon is also said to have composed a Tixv17 or See also:art of See also:Rhetoric. Edition, with commentary, by Maetzner (1838) ; See also:text by See also:Blass (1881); See also:Jebb, Attic Orators; See also:Plutarch, Vitae X.

Oratorum; See also:

Philostratus, Vit. Sophistarum, i. 15; See also:van Cleef, See also:Index Antiphonteus, See also:Ithaca, N. Y. (1895) ; see also RHETORIC.

End of Article: ANTIPHON

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