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COMANA

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 749 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COMANA , a See also:

city of See also:Cappadocia [frequently called CRRYSE or AUREA, i.e. the See also:golden, to distinguish it from Comana in See also:Pontus; mod. Shahr], celebrated in See also:ancient times as the See also:place where the See also:rites of Ma-Enyo, a variety of the See also:great See also:west Asian Nature-goddess, were celebrated with much solemnity. The service was carried on in a sumptuous See also:temple with great magnificence oy many thousands of hieroduli (temple-servants). To defrayexpenses, large estates had been set apart, which yielded a more than royal See also:revenue. The city, a See also:mere apanage of the temple, was governed immediately by the See also:chief See also:priest, who was always a member of the reigning Cappadocian See also:family, and took See also:rank next to the See also:king. The number of persons engaged in the service of the temple, even in See also:Strabo's See also:time, was upwards of 6000, and among these, to See also:judge by the names See also:common on See also:local See also:tomb-stones, were many of See also:Persian See also:race. Under See also:Caracalla, Comana became a See also:Roman See also:colony, and it received honours from later emperors down to the See also:official recognition of See also:Christianity. The' site lies at Shahr, a See also:village in the See also:Anti-See also:Taurus on the upper course of the Sarus (Sihun), mainly Armenian, but surrounded by new settlements of Avshar Turkomans and Circassians. The place has derived importance both in antiquity and now from its position at the eastern end of the See also:main pass of the western Anti-Taurus range, the Kuru Chai, through which passed the road from Caesarea-Mazaca (mod. Kaisarieh) to Melitene (See also:Malatia), converted by Septimius See also:Severus into the chief military road to the eastern frontier of the See also:empire. The extant remains at Shahr include a See also:theatre on the See also:left See also:bank of the See also:river, a See also:fine Roman See also:doorway and many See also:inscriptions; but the exact site of the great temple has not been satisfactorily identified. There are many traces of Severus' road, including a See also:bridge at Kemer, and an immense number of milestones, some in their See also:original positions, others in cemeteries.

See P. H. H. Massy in Geog. Journ. (See also:

Sept. 19o5); E. Chantre, See also:Mission en Cappadocie (1898). (D. G.

End of Article: COMANA

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