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CYRIL (c. 315–386)

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Originally appearing in Volume V07, Page 706 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CYRIL (c. 315–386) , See also:bishop of See also:Jerusalem, where he was probably See also:born, was ordained a See also:presbyter in 345, and had the instruction of the catechumens entrusted to him. In 350 he was elevated to the see of Jerusalem, and became deeply involved in the dogmatic controversies of his See also:time. His See also:metropolitan, Acacius of Caesarea, inclined to Arianism, while Cyril strongly espoused the Nicene creed and was, in consequence, deposed for a time. On the See also:death of the See also:emperor See also:Constantine he was restored; but on the See also:accession of See also:Valens, an Arian emperor, he had once more to resign his See also:post till the accession of See also:Theodosius permitted him to return finally in See also:peace in 379. He attended the second See also:oecumenical See also:council held at See also:Constantinople in 381, where he was received with grateful acclamations for his sufferings in See also:defence of orthodoxy. Cyril was even more conspicuous as a pastor than as a controversialist, and this is seen in his one important work—his twenty-three addresses to catechumens delivered in A.D. 348. The first eighteen of these were meant for candidates for See also:baptism; they See also:deal with See also:general topics like repentance and faith, and then expound in detail the baptismal creed of the Jerusalem See also:church. The remaining five addresses were spoken to the newly-baptized in See also:Easter See also:week and explain the mysteries and See also:ritual of baptism, See also:confirmation and the See also:Eucharist. These lectures are said to be " the first example of a popular compend of See also:religion," and are particularly interesting for the insight which they give us both into the creed-forms of the See also:early church and the various ceremonies of See also:initiation constituting baptism in the 4th See also:century. The See also:evidence which Cyril supplies as to the 12 Jerusalem use is supplemented by the S.

Silviae peregrinatio, dating from about a See also:

generation later. Other tracts and homilies have been ascribed to Cyril of Jerusalem, but they are of doubtful genuineness.

End of Article: CYRIL (c. 315–386)

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