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FOURNIER

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Originally appearing in Volume V10, Page 759 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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FOURNIER L'HERITIER, See also:

CLAUDE (*745-1825), See also:French revolutionist, called " 1'Americain," was See also:born at Auzon (Haute-See also:Loire) on the 21st of See also:December 1745, the son of a poor See also:weaver. He went to See also:America to seek his See also:fortune, and started at See also:San Domingo an See also:establishment for making tafia (an inferior quality of See also:rum), but lost his See also:money in a See also:fire. Returning to See also:France he threw himself into the Revolution with See also:enthusiasm, and specially distinguished himself by the active See also:part he took in the organization of the popular armed force by means of which the most famous of the revolutionary coups were effected. His See also:influence was principally manifested in the insurrections of the 5th and 6th of See also:October 1789, the 17th of See also:July 1791, and the loth of See also:June and the loth of See also:August 1792. He was on See also:bad terms with the See also:majority of the politicians, and particularly with See also:Marat, and spent a See also:great part of his See also:time in See also:prison, all the governments regarding him as an agitator and accusing him of inciting to insurrection. Arrested for the first time for trying to force an entrance into the See also:club of the See also:Cordeliers, from which he had been expelled, he was released, but was in prison from the 12th of December 1793 to the 21st of See also:September 1794, and again from the 9th of See also:March 1795 to the 26th of October 1795. After the See also:attempt on the First See also:Consul in the See also:rue Sainte-Nicaise he was deported to See also:Guiana, but was allowed to return to France in 1809. In 1811, while under surveillance at See also:Auxerre, he was accused of having provoked an emeute against taxes known as the droits reunis (afterwards called contributions indirectes), and was imprisoned in the See also:Chateau d'If, where he remained till 1814. On the second restoration of the Bourbons Fournier was confined for about nine months in the prison of La Force. After 1816 he was See also:left unmolested, turned royalist, and passed his last years in importuning the Restoration See also:government for See also:compensation for his lost See also:property in San Domingo. He died in obscurity. For further details see See also:preface to F.

A. See also:

Aulard's edition of Fournier's Mimoires secrets (See also:Paris, 1890), published by the Societe de I'histoire de la Revolution.

End of Article: FOURNIER

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