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HESSIAN

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 413 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HESSIAN , the name of a jute fabric made as a See also:

plain See also:cloth; in various degrees of fineness, width and quality. The See also:common, or See also:standard, hessian is 40 in. wide, weighs rot oz. per yd., and in the finished See also:state contains about 12 threads and 121 picks per in. The name is probably of See also:German origin, and the fabric was originally made from See also:flax and See also:tow. Small quantities of cloth are still made from yarns of these See also:fibres, but the jute fibre, owing to its See also:comparative cheapness, has now almost supplanted all others. This useful cloth is employed in countless ways, especially for packing all kinds of dry goods, while large quantities, of different qualities, are made up into bags for See also:sugar, See also:flour, See also:coffee, See also:grain, ore, manure, See also:sand, potatoes, onions, &c. Indeed, bags made from one or other quality of this cloth, or from sacking, See also:bagging or See also:tarpaulin, See also:form the most convenient, and at the same See also:time the cheapest covering for any See also:kind of goods which are not damaged by being crushed. Certain types are specially treated, dyed See also:black, tan or other See also:colour, or See also:left in their natural colour, stiffened and used for paddings and linings for cheap clothing, boots, shoes, bags and other articles. When dyed in See also:art shades the cloth forms an attractive decoration for stages and platforms, and generally for any temporary erection, and in many cases it is stencilled and then used for See also:wall decoration. The See also:great linoleum See also:industry depends upon certain types of this fabric for the See also:foundation of its products, while large quantities are used for the backs of fringe rugs, See also:spring mattresses and the upholstery of See also:furniture. The great centres for the manufacture of this fabric are See also:Dundee and See also:Calcutta, and every variety of the cloth, and all kinds of See also:hand- and See also:machine-sewn, as well as seamless bags, are made in the former See also:city. The See also:American name for hessian is burlap; this particular kind is 40 in. wide, and is now largely made in Calcutta as well as in Dundee and other places.

End of Article: HESSIAN

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HESSUS, HELIUS EOBANUS (1488-1540)

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