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LIVINGSTONE MOUNTAINS

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Originally appearing in Volume V16, Page 816 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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See also:

LIVINGSTONE MOUNTAINS , a See also:band of See also:highlands in See also:German See also:East See also:Africa, forming the eastern border of the rift-valley of See also:Lake See also:Nyasa, at the See also:northern end of the lake. In parts these highlands, known also under their native name of Kinga, See also:present rather the See also:character of a See also:plateau than of a true See also:mountain range, but the latter name may be justified by the fact that they See also:form a comparatively narrow See also:belt of See also:country, which falls considerably to the east as well as to the See also:west. The northern end is well marked in 8° 5o' S. by an escarpment falling to the Ruaha valley, which is regarded as a See also:north-eastern See also:branch of the See also:main rift-valley: Southwards the Livingstone range terminates in the deep valley of the Ruhuhu in 10° 3o' S., the first decided break in the highlands that is reached from the north, on the east See also:coast of Nyasa. Geologically the range is formed on the See also:side of the lake by a See also:zone of See also:gneiss See also:running in a See also:series of ridges and valleys generally parallel to its See also:axis. The See also:ridge nearest the lake (which in See also:Mount Jamimbi or Chamembe, 9° 41' S., rises to an See also:absolute height of 7870 ft., or 6200 ft. above Nyasa) falls almost sheer to the See also:water, the same steep slope being continued beneath the See also:surface. Towards the See also:south the range appears to have a width of some 20 M. only, but northwards it widens out to about 40 m., though broken here by the depression, drained towards the Ruaha, of Buanyi, on the south side of which is the highest known See also:summit of the range (9600 ft.). North and east of Buanyi, as in the eastern See also:half of the range generally, table-topped mountains occur, composed above of horizontally bedded quartzites, sandstones and conglomerates. The uplands are generally clothed in See also:rich grass, See also:forest occurring principally in the hollows, while the slopes towards the lake are covered with poor scrub. Native settlements are scattered over the whole range, and German See also:mission stations have been established at Bulongwa and Mtandala, a little north of the north end of Nyasa. The See also:climate is here healthy, and See also:night frosts occur in the See also:cold See also:season. See also:European crops are raised with success. At the See also:foot of the mountains on Lake Nyasa are the ports of Wiedhafen, at the mouth of the Ruhuhu, and Old Langenburg, at the north-east corner of the lake.

(E.

End of Article: LIVINGSTONE MOUNTAINS

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