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LOW CHURCHMAN

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 72 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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LOW CHURCHMAN , a See also:term applied to members of the See also:Church of See also:England or its daughter churches who, while accepting the hierarchical and sacramental See also:system of the Church, do not consider See also:episcopacy as essential to the constitution of the Church, reject the See also:doctrine that the sacraments confer See also:grace ex opere operato (e.g. baptismal regeneration) and See also:lay stress on the See also:Bible as the See also:sole source of authority in matters of faith. They thus differ little from orthodox Protestants of other denominations, and in See also:general are prepared to co-operate with them on equal terms. The name was used in the See also:early See also:part of the 18th See also:century as the See also:equivalent of " Latitudinarian," i.e. one who was prepared to concede much See also:latitude in matters of discipline and faith, in contradistinction to " High Churchman," the term applied to those who took a high view of the exclusive authority of the Established Church, of episcopacy and of the sacramental system. It subsequently See also:fell into disuse, but was revived in the 19th century when the Tractarian See also:movement had brought the term " High Churchman " into See also:vogue again in a modified sense, i.e. for those who exalted the See also:idea of the See also:Catholic Church and the sacramental system at the expense both of the See also:Establishment and of the exclusive authority of Scripture. " Low Churchman " now became the equivalent of " Evangelical," the designation of the movement, associated with the name of See also:Simeon, which laid the See also:chief stress on the See also:necessity of See also:personal " See also:conversion." " Latitudinarian " gave See also:place at the same See also:time to " Broad Churchman," to designate those who lay stress on the ethical teaching of the Church and minimize the value of orthodoxy. The revival of pre-See also:Reformation See also:ritual by many of the High Church See also:clergy led to the designation " ritualist " being applied to them in a some-what contemptuous sense; and " High Churchman " and " Ritualist " have often been wrongly treated as convertible terms. Actually many High Churchmen are not Ritualists, though they tend to become so. The High Churchman of the " Catholic " type is further differentiated from the " old-fashioned High Churchman " of what is sometimes described as the " high and dry " type of the See also:period anterior to the See also:Oxford Movement.

End of Article: LOW CHURCHMAN

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