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MUSCLES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 56 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MUSCLES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY .—The deltoid (see See also:

figs.7and8) is the muscle which forms the See also:shoulder cap and is used in abducting the See also:arm to a right See also:angle with the See also:trunk; it runs from the clavicle, acromial See also:process and spine of the scapula, to the See also:middle of the humerus, and is supplied by the circumflex See also:nerve, Several shortthe biceps (fig. 7), the See also:long See also:head of which rises from the See also:top of the glenoid cavity inside the See also:joint, while the See also:short head comes from the coracoid process. The insertion is into the tubercle of the See also:radius. These three muscles are all supplied by the same (musculo-cutaneous) nerve. At the back of the arm is the triceps (fig. 8) which passes behind both shoulder and See also:elbow See also:joints and is the See also:great extensor muscle of them; its long head rises from just below the glenoid cavity of the scapula, while the inner and See also:outer heads come from the back of the humerus. It is inserted into the olecranon process of the ulna and is supplied by the musculo-See also:spinal nerve. The muscles of the front of the forearm See also:form superficial and deep sets (see fig. 7). Most of the superficial muscles come from the See also:internal condyle of the humerus. From without inward they are the pronator radii teres going to the radius, the flexor See also:carpi radialis to the See also:base of the See also:index metacarpal See also:bone, the palmaris See also:longus to the palmar See also:fascia, the flexor sublimis digitorum to the middle phalanges of the fingers, and the flexor carpi ulnaris to the pisiform bone. The important 56 points of See also:practical See also:interest about these muscles are noticed in the See also:article See also:ANATOMY (Superficial and See also:Artistic).

In addition to these the brachio-radialis is a flexor of the forearm, though it arises from the outer supracondylar See also:

ridge of the humerus. It is supplied by the musculo-See also:spiral nerve, the flexor carpi ulnaris by the ulnar, the See also:rest by the median. The deep muscles of the front of the forearm consist of the flexor longus pollicis See also:running from the radius to the terminal See also:phalanx of the thumb, the flexor profundus digitorum from the ulna to the terminal phalanges of the fingers, and the pronator quadratus phalanges of the fingers, the extensor minimi digiti, the extensor See also:carp ulnaris passing to the metatarsal bone of the minimus, and the supinator brevis wrapping See also:round the See also:neck of the radius to which it is inserted. The aconeus which runs from the See also:external condyle to the olecranon process is really a See also:part of the triceps.

End of Article: MUSCLES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY

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