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SAFFLOWER (ultimately from the Arabic...

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 999 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SAFFLOWER (ultimately from the Arabic safra, yellow) or See also:BASTARD See also:SAFFRON (Carthamus tinctorius), a plant of the natural See also:order See also:compositae; its See also:flowers See also:form the basis of the safflower dye of See also:commerce. The plant is a native of the See also:East Indies, but is cultivated in See also:Egypt and to some extent in See also:southern See also:Europe. To obtain the See also:dyeing principle—carthamin, C14H14Or—the flowers are first washed to See also:free them from a soluble yellow colouring See also:matter they contain; they are then dried and powdered, and digested in an alkaline See also:solution in which pieces of clean See also:white See also:cotton are immersed. The alkaline solution having been neutralized with weak acetic See also:acid, the cotton is removed and washed in another alkaline solution. When this second solution is neutralized with acid, carthamin in a pure See also:condition is precipitated as a dark red See also:powder. It forms a brilliant but fugitive See also:scarlet dye for See also:silk, but is principally used for preparing See also:toilet See also:rouge.

End of Article: SAFFLOWER (ultimately from the Arabic safra, yellow)

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SAFFRON (Arab. za'faran)

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