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SAPPHIRE ,1 a See also:blue transparent variety of See also:corundum, or native alumina, much valued as a See also:gem-See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone. It is essentially the same See also:mineral as See also:ruby, from which it differs chiefly in See also:colour. The colour of the normal sapphire varies from the palest blue to deep See also:indigo, the most esteemed tint being that of the blue cornflower. Many of the crystals are parti-coloured, the blue being distributed in patches in a colourless or yellow stone; but by skilful cutting, the deep-coloured portion may be caused to impart colour to the entire gem. As the sapphire crystallizes in the hexagonal See also:system it is dichroic, but in See also:pale stones this See also:character may not be well marked. In a deep-coloured stone the colour may be resolved, by the dichroscope, into an See also:ultramarine
1 Indirectly from Gr. o&orq5uupos, but there seems no doubt that this See also:term, like the See also:Hebrew sapir of the Old Testament, was formerly applied to what is now called lapis lazuli; the See also:modern sapphire was probably known as u&xwOos (See also:hyacinthus).
colour. It is a silicate, containing See also:aluminium, See also:magnesium and See also:iron, brought originally from See also:Greenland, and since found in a See also:rock from the See also:Vizagapatam See also:district in See also:India. (F. W.
End of Article: SAPPHIRE
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