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BARACOA

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 379 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BARACOA , a seaport See also:

city of N.E. See also:Cuba, in See also:Santiago See also:province. Pop. (1907) 5633. The See also:town lies under high hills on a small circular See also:harbour accessible to small See also:craft. The See also:country See also:round about is extremely rugged. The See also:hill called the " See also:Anvil of Baracoa " (about 3000 ft.) is remarkable for its extremely See also:regular formation. It completely dominates the city's background, and is a well-known sailors' landmark. The town is the trading centre of a large See also:plantation region behind it and is the centre of the See also:banana and cocoanut export See also:trade. There is a fort dating from the See also:middle of the 18th See also:century. Baracoa is the See also:oldest town in Cuba, having been settled by Diego See also:Velazquez in 1512. It held from its See also:foundation the honours of a city.

From 1512 to 1514 it was the See also:

capital of the See also:island, and from -1518 to 1522 its See also:church was the See also:cathedral of the island's first See also:diocese. Both honours were taken from it to be given to Santiago de Cuba; and for two centuries after this Baracoa remained an obscure See also:village, with little See also:commerce. In the 16th century it was repeatedly plundered by pirates until it came to terms with them, gave them welcome harbourage, and based a less See also:precarious existence upon continuous illicit trade. Until the middle of the 18th century Baracoa was almost without connexion with See also:Havana and Santiago. In the See also:wars of the end of the century it was a See also:place of See also:deposit for See also:French and See also:Spanish corsairs. At this See also:time, too, about Too fugitive immigrant families from Santo Domingo greatly augmented its See also:industrial importance. In 1807 an unsuccessful attack was made upon the city by an See also:English force. In 1826 the See also:port was opened to See also:foreign commerce.

End of Article: BARACOA

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