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CALATAYUD

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Originally appearing in Volume V04, Page 968 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CALATAYUD , a See also:

town of central See also:Spain, in the See also:province of See also:Saragossa, at the confluence of the See also:rivers Jalen and Jiloca, and on the See also:Madrid-Saragossa and Calatayfid-Sagunto See also:railways. Pop. (1900) 11,526. Calatayud consists of a See also:lower town, built on the See also:left See also:bank of the Jalbn, and an upper or Moorish town, which contains many dwellings hollowed out of the See also:rock above and inhabited by the poorer classes. Among a number of ecclesiastical buildings, two collegiate churches are especially See also:note-worthy. See also:Santa Maria, originally a See also:mosque, has a lofty octagonal See also:tower and a See also:fine See also:Renaissance See also:doorway, added in 1528; while Santo Sepulcro, built in 1141, and restored in 1613, was See also:long the See also:principal See also:church of the See also:Spanish Knights Templar. In commercial importance Calatayud ranks second only to Saragossa among the Aragonese towns, for it is the central See also:market of the exceptionally fertile expanse watered by the Jal6n and Jiloca. About 2 m. E. are the ruins of the See also:ancient Bilbilis, where the poet See also:Martial was See also:born c. A.D. 40. It was celebrated for its breed of horses, its armourers, its See also:gold and its See also:iron; but Martial also mentions its unhealthy See also:climate, due to the icy winds which sweep down fromthe heights of Moncayo (7705 ft.) on the See also:north.

In the See also:

middle ages the ruins were almost destroyed to provide See also:stone for the See also:building of Calatayud, which was founded by a Moorish See also:amir named Ayub and named See also:Kalat Ayub, " See also:Castle of Ayub." Calatayid was captured by See also:Alphonso I. of See also:Aragon in 1119.

End of Article: CALATAYUD

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