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CAPISTRANO, GIOVANNI DI (1386-1456)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 275 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CAPISTRANO, GIOVANNI DI (1386-1456) , See also:Italian See also:friar, theologian and inquisitor, was See also:born in the little See also:village of Capistrano in the Abruzzi, of a See also:family which had come to See also:Italy with the Angevins. He lived at first a wholly See also:secular See also:life, married, and became a successful See also:magistrate; he took See also:part in the continual struggles of the small Italian states in such a way as to See also:compromise himself. During his captivity he was practically ruined and lost his See also:young wife. He then in despair entered the Franciscan See also:order and at once gave himself up to the most rigorous See also:asceticism, violently defending the ideal of strict observance. He was charged with various See also:missions by the popes See also:Eugenius IV. and See also:Nicholas V., in which he acquitted himself with implacable violence. As See also:legate or inquisitor he persecuted the last See also:Fraticelli of See also:Ferrara, the See also:Jesuati of See also:Venice, the See also:Jews of See also:Sicily, See also:Moldavia and See also:Poland, and, above all, the See also:Hussites of See also:Germany, See also:Hungary and Bohemia; his aim in the last See also:case was to make conferences impossible between the representatives of See also:Rome and the Bohemians, for every See also:attempt at conciliation seemed to him to be conniving at See also:heresy. Finally, after the taking of See also:Constantinople, he succeeded in gathering troops together for a crusade against the See also:Turks (1455), which at least helped to raise the See also:siege of See also:Belgrade, which was being blockaded by Mahommed II. He died shortly afterwards (See also:October 23, 1456), and was canonized in 169o. Capistrano, in spite of this restless life, found See also:time to See also:work both in the lifetime of his See also:master St Bernardino of See also:Siena and after, at the reform of the order of the See also:minor See also:Franciscans, and to uphold both in his writings and his speeches the most advanced theories upon the papal supremacy as opposed to that of the See also:councils. See E. See also:Jacob, Johannes von Capistrano, vol. i.: " Das Leben and Wirken Capistrans; " vol. ii.: " See also:Die handschriftlichen Aufzeichnungen von Reden and Tractaten Capistrans," (1st See also:series, See also:Breslau, 1903-1905). (P.

End of Article: CAPISTRANO, GIOVANNI DI (1386-1456)

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