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EMBOSSING
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EMBOSSING , the See also:art of producing raised portions or patterns on the See also:surface of See also:metal, See also:leather, textile fabrics, cardboard, See also:paper and similar substances. Strictly speaking, the See also:term is applicable only to raised impressions produced by means of engraved See also:dies or plates brought forcibly to See also:bear on the material to be embossed, by various means, according to the nature of the substance acted on. Thus raised patterns produced by See also:carving, chiselling, casting and See also:chasing or hammering are excluded from the range of embossed See also:work. Embossing supplies a convenient and expeditious See also:medium for producing elegant ornamental effects in many distinct See also:industries; and especially in its relations to paper and cardboard its applications are varied and important. Crests, monograms, addresses, &c., are embossed on paper and envelopes from dies set in small handscrew presses, a force or See also:counter-See also:die being prepared in leather faced with a coating of See also:gutta-percha. The dies to be used for See also:plain embossing are generally cut deeper than those intended to be used with See also:colours. See also:Colour embossing is done in two ways—the first and See also:ordinary See also:kind that in which the See also:ink is applied to the raised portion of the See also:design. The colour in this See also:case is spread on the die with a See also:brush and the whole surface is carefully cleaned, leaving only ink in the depressed parts of the See also:engraving. In the second variety—called See also:cameo embossing—the colour is applied to the See also:flat parts of the design by means of a small See also:printing See also:roller, and the letters or design in See also:relief is See also:left uncoloured. In embossing large ornamental designs, engraved plates or electrotypes therefrom are employed, the force or counterpart being composed of See also: The blocked ornaments on See also:cloth covers for books, and the blocking or See also:imitation tooling on the cheaper kinds of leather work, are effected by means of powerful embossing or arming presses. (See See also:BOOK-BINDING.) For impressing embossed patterns on See also:wall-papers, textiles of various kinds, and See also:felt, cylinders of See also:copper, engraved with the patterns to be raised, are employed, and these are mounted in See also:calender frames, in which they See also:press against rollers having a yielding surface, or so constructed that depressions in the engraved cylinders See also:fit into corresponding elevations in those against which they press. The operations of embossing and colour printing are also sometimes effected together in a modification of the ordinary See also:cylinder printing See also:machine used in See also:calico-printing, in which it is only necessary to introduce suitably engraved cylinders. For many purposes the embossing rollers must be maintained at a high temperature while in operation; and they are heated either by See also:steam, by See also:gas jets, or by the introduction of red-hot irons within them. The stamped or struck ornaments in See also:sheet metal, used especially in connexion with the See also:brass and Britannia-metal trades, are obtained by a See also:process of embossing—hard See also:steel dies with forces or counterparts of soft metal being used in their See also:production. A kind of embossed See also:ornament is formed on the strrface of soft See also:wood by first compressing and consequently sinking the parts intended to be embossed, then planing the whole surface level, after which, when the wood is placed in See also:water, the previously depressed portion swells up and rises to its See also:original level. Thus an embossed See also:pattern is produced which may be subsequently sharpened and finished by the ordinary process of carving (see CHASING and Rapoussi;). Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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