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KHARKOV

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 772 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KHARKOV , a See also:

town of See also:southern See also:Russia, See also:capital of the above See also:government, in 56° 37' N. and 25° 5' E., in the valley of the Donets, 152 M. by See also:rail S.S.E. of See also:Kursk. See also:Oak forests See also:bound it on two sides. Pop. (1867), 59,968; (1900), 197,405. Kharkov is an archiepiscopal see of the Orthodox See also:Greek See also:Church, and the headquarters of the X. See also:army See also:corps. The four See also:annual fairs are among the busiest in Russia, more especially the Kreshchenskaya or See also:Epiphany See also:fair, which is opened on the 6th (loth) of See also:January, and the Pokrovsky fair in the autumn. The turnover at the former is estimated at £3,000,000 to £4,000,000. See also:Thou-sands of horses are bought and sold. At the Trinity (Troitsa) fair in See also:June an extensive business (£800,000) is done in See also:wool. A See also:great variety of manufactured goods are produced in the town—See also:linen, See also:felt, beetroot See also:sugar, See also:tobacco, See also:brandy, See also:soap, candles, See also:cast-See also:iron. Kharkov is an educational centre for the higher and See also:middle classes. Besides a flourishing university, instituted in 1805, and attended by from 1600 to 1700 students, it possesses a technological See also:institute (400 students), a railway See also:engineering school, an See also:observatory, a veterinary See also:college, a botanical See also:garden, a theological See also:seminary, and a commercial school.

The university See also:

building was formerly a royal See also:palace. The library contains 170,000 volumes; and the zoological collections are especially See also:rich in the birds and fishes of southern Russia. Public gardens occupy the site of the See also:ancient military See also:works; and the government has a See also:model See also:farm in the neighbourhood. Of the Orthodox churches one has the See also:rank of See also:cathedral (1781). Among the public institutions are a See also:people's palace (1903) and an See also:industrial museum. The See also:foundation of Kharkov is assigned to 165o, but there is archaeological See also:evidence of a much earlier occupation of the See also:district, if not of the site. The See also:Cossacks of Kharkov remained faithful to the See also:tsar during the rebellions of the latter See also:part of the 17th See also:century; in return they received numerous privileges, and continued to be a strong advance-guard of the See also:Russian See also:power, till the final subjugation of all the southern region. With other military settlements Kharkov was placed on a new footing in 1765; and at the same See also:time it became the administrative centre of the See also:Ukraine.

End of Article: KHARKOV

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