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See also:PACHOMIUS, ST (292-346) , See also:Egyptian See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
monk, the founder of See also:Christian cenobitical See also:life, was See also:born, probably in 292, at See also:Esna in Upper See also:Egypt, of See also:heathen parents. He served as a conscript in one of See also:Constantine's See also:campaigns, and on his return became a Christian (314); he at once went to live an eremitical life near See also:Dendera by the See also:Nile, putting himself under the guidance of an aged See also:hermit. After three or four years he was called (by an See also:angel, says the See also:legend) to establish a monastery of See also:cenobites, or monks living in See also:common (see See also:MONASTICISM, § 4). Pachomius spent his life in organizing and directing the See also:great See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order he had created, which at his See also:death included nine monasteries with some three thousand monks and a nunnery. The order was called Tabennesiot, from Tabennisi, near Dendera, the site of the first monastery. The most vivid See also:account of the life and See also:primitive See also:rule is that given by See also:Palladius in the Lausiac See also:History, as witnessed by him (c. 410). Difficulties arose between Pachomius and the neighbouring bishops, which had to be composed at a See also:synod at Esna. But St See also:Athanasius was his See also:firm friend and visited his monastery c. 330 and at a later See also:period. Pachomius died (probably) in 346.
The best See also:modern See also:work on Pachomius is by P. Ladeuze, Le Cenobitisme pakhomien (1898). There have been See also:differences of See also:opinion in regard to the See also:dates; those given above are Ladeuze's, now commonly accepted. The priority of the See also:Greek Life of Pachomius over the Coptic may be said to be established; the See also:historical See also:character and value of this life are now fully recognized. A See also:good See also:analysis of all the literature is supplied in See also:Herzog's Realencyklopadie (ed. 3). (E. C.
End of Article: PACHOMIUS, ST (292-346)
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