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REICHENBACH, GEORG VON (1772–1826)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 49 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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REICHENBACH, GEORG VON (1772–1826) , See also:German astronomical See also:instrument maker, was See also:born at See also:Durlach in See also:Baden on the 24th of See also:August 1772. From 1796 he was occupied with the construction of a dividing See also:engine; in 1804, with See also:Joseph, Liebherr and Joseph Utzschneider, he founded an instrument-making business in See also:Munich; and in 1809 he established, with Joseph See also:Fraunhofer and Utzschneider, See also:optical See also:works at Benedictbeuern, which were moved to Munich in 1823. He withdrew from both enterprises in 1814, and founded with T. L. Ertel a new optical business, from which also he retired in 1821, on obtaining an See also:engineering See also:appointment under the Bavarian See also:government. He died at Munich on the 21st of May 1826. Reichenbach's See also:principal merit was that he introduced into observatories the See also:meridian or transit circle, combining the transit instrument and tae mural circle into one instrument. This had already been done by O. Romer about 1704, but the See also:idea had not been adopted by any one else, except in the transit circle constructed by See also:Edward See also:Troughton for See also:Stephen Groombridge in 18o6. The transit circle in the See also:form given it by Reichenbach had one finely divided circle attached to one end of the See also:horizontal See also:axis and read by four verniers on an " See also:alidade circle," the unaltered position of which was tested by a spirit level. The instrument came almost at once into universal use on the See also:continent of See also:Europe (the first one was made for F. W.

See also:

Bessel in 1819), but in See also:England the mural circle and transit instrument were not superseded for many years.

End of Article: REICHENBACH, GEORG VON (1772–1826)

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