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SAFRANINE

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 1000 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SAFRANINE , in See also:

chemistry, the azonium compounds of symmetrical diamino-See also:phenazine and containing the See also:ring See also:system annexed:- C(ANY) or \ Cl 1~ C1 I2 They are obtained by the See also:joint oxidation of one See also:molecule of a paradiamine with two molecules of a See also:primary amine; by the condensation of See also:para-aminoazo compounds with primary See also:amines (0. Witt, Ber., 1877, 10, p. 874), and by the See also:action of para-nitrosodialkylanilines with secondary bases such as diphenylmetaphenylenediamine. They are crystalline solids showing a characteristic See also:green metallic lustre; they are readily soluble in See also:water and dye red or See also:violet. They are strong bases and See also:form See also:stable monacid salts. Their alcoholic See also:solution shows a yellow-red See also:fluorescence. Phenosafranine is not very stable in the See also:free See also:state; its chloride forms green plates. It can be readily diazotized, and the diazonium See also:salt when boiled with See also:alcohol yields aposafranine or See also:benzene induline, C,BH,zN,. F. Kehrmann showed that aposafranine could be diazotized in the presence of See also:cold concentrated sulphuric See also:acid, and the diazonium salt on boiling with alcohol yielded phenylphenazonium salts. Aposafranone, C,H12N20, is formed by See also:heating aposafranine with concentrated hydrochloric acid. These three compounds are perhaps to be represented as ortho- or as paraquinones (see papers by F.

Kehrmann, O. See also:

Fischer and E. Hepp; R. Nietzki and others, Ber., 1895 et seq.). The " safranine " of See also:commerce is a tolusafranine. The first See also:aniline dye-stuff to be prepared on a manufacturing See also:scale was mauveine, C ,H2,N,C1, which was obtained by See also:Sir W. H. See also:Perkin by heating crude aniline with See also:potassium bichromate and sulphuric acid. It is a N-phenylsafranine (see See also:INDULINES).

End of Article: SAFRANINE

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