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SPLUGEN PASS

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 711 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SPLUGEN PASS , one of the passes across the See also:

main See also:chain of the See also:Alps from See also:Switzerland to See also:Italy (from 1512 to 1797, however, See also:Chiavenna belonged to the See also:Grisons). The route quits that of the Albula Pass (q.v.) at Thusis, passes first through the celebrated See also:gorge of the Via See also:Mala, then through the Schams See also:basin and past Andeer, beyond which the Rofna gorge gives See also:access to the See also:village of Splugen (from which the pass takes its name) in the upper reach of the main or Hinter See also:branch of the See also:Rhine (q.v.). Leaving to the See also:west the road over the See also:San Bernardino Pass, 6769 ft. (by which the St Gotthard railway See also:line is joined at Biasca, the route lying entirely through Swiss territory) the Splugen road (constructed in 1823) mounts See also:south to the pass (6946 ft.), which forms the See also:political frontier. On the other See also:side the road avoids the old path through the dreaded Cardinello gorge (here passed See also:Macdonald's See also:army in See also:December, 'Soo) in See also:order to descend by zigzags to Pianazzo. Thence past Campo Dolcino and Gallivaggio the descent is made to the See also:ancient See also:town of Chiavenna at the junction of the read from the upper See also:Engadine over the Maloja Pass, and 17 M. by See also:rail above Colico, at the See also:northern end of the See also:lake of See also:Como. The distance by road from Splugen village (16 m. above Andeer) to Chiavenna is 25 M. The diligences take 51 See also:hours from Splugen village (4 hours above Thusis) to Chiavenna. But by the proposal to See also:pierce a railway See also:tunnel of about 16 m. in length from Andeer to Gallivaggio, it was calculated that the Splugen line would become the shortest route from See also:southern See also:Germany to See also:Milan, while at Chiavenna it would receive the See also:traffic from the upper Engadine. (W. A. B.

End of Article: SPLUGEN PASS

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