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See also:ANTISTHENES (c. 444–365 B.C.) , the founder of the Cynic
school of See also:philosophy, was See also:born at See also:Athens of a Thracian See also:mother, a fact which may See also:account for the extreme boldness of his attack on conventional thought. In his youth he studied See also:rhetoric under See also:Gorgias, perhaps also under Hippias and Prodicus. See also:Gomperz suggests that he was originally in See also:good circumstances, but was reduced to poverty. However this may be, he came under the See also:influence of See also:Socrates, and became a devoted See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil. So eager was he to hear the words of Socrates that he used to walk daily from See also:Peiraeus to Athens, and persuaded his See also:friends to'accompany him. Filled with See also:enthusiasm for the Socratic See also:idea of virtue, he founded a school of his own in the Cynosarges, the See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall of the bastards (voOot). Thither he attracted the poorer classes by the simplicity of his See also:life and teaching. He wore a cloak and carried a See also:staff and a wallet, and this See also:costume became the See also:uniform of his followers. See also:Diogenes Laertius says that his See also:works filled ten volumes, but of these fragments only remain. His favourite See also:style seems to have been the See also:dialogue, wherein we see the effect of his See also:early rhetorical training. See also:Aristotle speaks of him as uneducated and See also:simple-minded, and See also:Plato describes him as struggling in vain with the difficulties of See also:dialectic. His See also:work. represents one See also:great aspect of Socratic philosophy, and should be compared with the Cyrenaic and Megarian doctrines.
BIsLIoGRAPHY.—Charles Chappuis, Antisthene (See also:Paris, 1854); A. See also:- MULLER, FERDINAND VON, BARON (1825–1896)
- MULLER, FRIEDRICH (1749-1825)
- MULLER, GEORGE (1805-1898)
- MULLER, JOHANNES PETER (18o1-1858)
- MULLER, JOHANNES VON (1752-1809)
- MULLER, JULIUS (18oi-1878)
- MULLER, KARL OTFRIED (1797-1840)
- MULLER, LUCIAN (1836-1898)
- MULLER, WILHELM (1794-1827)
- MULLER, WILLIAM JAMES (1812-1845)
Muller, De Antisthenis cynici vita et scriptis (See also:Dresden, 1860 ; T. Gomperz, See also:Greek Thinkers (Eng. trans., 1905), vol. ii. pp. 142 if., 150 if. For his philosophy see See also:CYNICS, and for his pupils, Diogenes and See also:Crates, see articles under these headings.
End of Article: ANTISTHENES (c. 444–365 B.C.)
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