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ERIVAN, or I1

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 748 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ERIVAN, or I1 wAN, in See also:Persian, Rewan, a See also:town of See also:Russia, See also:capital of the See also:government of the same name, situated in 4o° 14' N., 44 38' E., 234 M. by See also:rail S.S.W. of See also:Tiflis, on the Zanga river„ from which a See also:great number of See also:irrigation canals are See also:drawn. See also:Altitude, 3170 ft. Pop. (1873) 11,938; (1897) 29,033. The old Persian portion of the town consists mainly of narrow crooked lanes enclosed by mud walls, which effectually conceal the houses, and the See also:modern See also:Russian portion is laid out in See also:long See also:ill-paved streets. On a steep See also:rock, rising about 600 ft. above the See also:river, stand the ruins of the 16th-See also:century See also:Turkish fortress, containing See also:part of the See also:palace of the former Persian See also:governors, a handsome but greatly dilapidated See also:mosque, a modern See also:Greek See also:church and a See also:cannon foundry. One chamber, called the See also:Hall of the Sardar, bears See also:witness to former splendour in its decorations. The finestbuilding in the See also:city is the mosque of Hussein See also:Ali See also:Khan, familiarly known as the See also:Blue Mosque from the See also:colour of the enamelled tiles with which it is richly encased. At the mosque of Zal Khan a See also:passion See also:play is performed yearly illustrative of the assassination of Hussein, the son of Ali. Erivan is an Armenian episcopal see, and has a theological See also:seminary. The only manufactures are a little See also:cotton See also:cloth, Ieather, earthenware and blacksmiths' See also:work: The fruits of the See also:district are noted for their excellence—especially the grapes, apples, apricots and melons. Armenians, Persians and See also:Tatars are the See also:principal elements in the See also:population, besides some Russians and Greeks.

The town See also:

fell into the See also:power of the See also:Turks in 1582, was taken by the Persians under Shah Abbas in 1604, besieged by the Turks for four months in 1615, and reconquered by the Persians under See also:Nadir Shah in the 18th century. In 178o it was successfully defended against See also:Heraclius, See also:prince of See also:Georgia; and in 1804 it resisted the Russians. At length in 1827 See also:Paskevich took the fortress by See also:storm, and in the following See also:year the town and government were ceded to Russia by the See also:peace of Turkman-chai. A Tatar poem in celebration of the event has been preserved by the See also:Austrian poet, See also:Bodenstedt, in his Tausend and ein Tage See also:im Orient (185o).

End of Article: ERIVAN, or I1

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