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GUESDE, JULES BASILE (1845– )
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See also:GUESDE, JULES BASILE (1845– ) , See also:French socialist, was See also:born in See also:Paris on the 1th of See also:November 1845. He had begun his career as a clerk in the French See also:Home See also:Office, but at the outbreak of the Franco-See also:German See also:War he was editing See also:Les Droits de l'homme at See also:Montpellier, and had to take See also:refuge at See also:Geneva in 1871 from a See also:prosecution instituted on See also:account of articles which had appeared in his See also:paper in See also:defence of the See also:Commune. In 1876 he returned to See also:France to become one of the See also:chief French apostles of Marxian See also:collectivism, and was imprisoned for six months in 1878 for taking See also:part in the first Parisian See also:International See also:Congress. He edited at different times Les Droits de l'homme, Le Cri du peuple, Le Socialiste, but his best-known See also:organ was the weekly Egalite. He had been in See also:close association with See also:Paul Laf argue, and through him with Karl See also:Marx, whose daughter he married. It was in See also:conjunction with Marx and Lafargue that he See also:drew up the See also:programme accepted by the See also:national congress of the Labour party at See also:Havre in 1880, which laid stress on the formation of an international labour party working by revolutionary methods. Next See also:year at the See also:Reims congress the orthodox Marxian programme of Guesde was opposed by the " possibilists," who rejected the intransigeant attitude of Guesde for the opportunist policy of See also:Benoit Malon. At the congress of St-See also:Etienne the difference See also:developed into separation, those who refused all See also:compromise with a capitalist See also:government following Guesde, while the opportunists formed several See also:groups. Guesde took his full See also:share in the consequent discussion between the Guesdists, the Blanquists, the possibilists, &c. In 1893 he was returned to the Chamber of Deputies for See also:Lille (7th circonscription) with a large See also:majority over the See also:Christian Socialist and See also:Radical candidates. He brought forward various proposals in social legislation forming the programme of the Labour party, without reference to the divisions among the Socialists, and on the loth of November 1894 succeeded in raising a two days' discussion of the collectivist principle in the Chamber. In 1902 he was not re-elected, but resumed his seat in 1906. In 1903 there was a formal reconciliation at the Reims congress of the sections of the party, which then took the name of the Socialist party of France. Guesde, nevertheless, continued to oppose the opportunist policy of See also:Jaures, whom he denounced for supporting one See also:bourgeois party against another. His defence of the principle of freedom of association led him, incongruously enough, to support the religious Congregations against Emile See also:Combes. Besides his numerous See also:political and socialist See also:pamphlets he published in 1901 two volumes of his speeches in the Chamber of Deputies entitled Quatre ans de lutte de classe 1893–1898. Additional information and CommentsThere are no comments yet for this article.
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